{"id":114956,"date":"2020-11-18T22:50:27","date_gmt":"2020-11-18T19:50:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/heres-how-machines-become-sentient\/"},"modified":"2020-11-18T22:50:27","modified_gmt":"2020-11-18T19:50:27","slug":"heres-how-machines-become-sentient","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/heres-how-machines-become-sentient\/","title":{"rendered":"#Here\u2019s how machines become sentient"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2e25325c84c\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2e25325c84c\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/heres-how-machines-become-sentient\/#Quantum_AI\" >Quantum AI<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/heres-how-machines-become-sentient\/#A_New_Calculus_Arrives\" >A New Calculus Arrives<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/heres-how-machines-become-sentient\/#A_Perfect_Model_of_the_Human_Brain\" >A Perfect Model of the Human Brain<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/heres-how-machines-become-sentient\/#Cloud_Consciousness\" >Cloud Consciousness<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/heres-how-machines-become-sentient\/#Alien_Technology\" >Alien Technology<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>&#8220;<strong>#Here\u2019s how machines become sentient<\/strong>&#8221;<br \/>\n<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2013\/04\/prediction-730x367.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<div>\n                                <i>Welcome to Neural\u2019s guide to the glorious future of AI. What wonders will tomorrow\u2019s machines be capable of? How do we get from Alexa and Siri to Rosie the Robot and R2D2? In this speculative <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/sciencee\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"5\" title=\"Science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">science<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/watch-movies-tv-seriess\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"8\" title=\"Watch Movies &amp; TV Series\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">series<\/a> we\u2019ll put our optimist hats on and try to answer those questions and more. Let\u2019s start with a big one: <b>The Singularity<\/b>.<\/i><\/p>\n<p>The future realization of robot lifeforms is referred to by a plethora of terms \u2013 sentience, artificial <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/general\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"3\" title=\"General\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">general<\/a> intelligence (AGI), living machines, self-aware robots, and so forth \u2013 but the one that seems most fitting is \u201c<a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Technological_singularity\">The Singularity<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Rather than debate semantics, we\u2019re going to sweep all those little ways of saying \u201chuman-level intelligence or better\u201d together and conflate them to mean: A machine capable of at least human-level reasoning, thought, memory, learning, and self-awareness.<\/p>\n<p>Modern AI researchers and developers tend to gravitate towards the term AGI. Normally, we\u2019d agree because general intelligence is grounded in metrics we can understand \u2013 to qualify, an AI would have to be able to do most stuff a human can.<\/p>\n<p>But there\u2019s a razor-thin margin between \u201cas smart as\u201d and \u201csmarter than\u201d when it comes to hypothetical general intelligence and it seems likely a mind powered by super computers, quantum computers, or a vast network of cloud servers would have far greater sentient potential than our mushy organic ones. Thus, we\u2019ll err on the side of <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Superintelligence-Dangers-Strategies-Nick-Bostrom\/dp\/1501227742\/?tag=tnw88-20\">superintelligence<\/a> for the purposes of this article.<\/p>\n<p>Before we can even start to figure out what a superintelligent AI would be capable of, however, we need to determine how it\u2019s going to emerge. Let\u2019s make some quick decisions for the purposes of discussion:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Deep learning, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/bdtechtalks.com\/2019\/11\/18\/what-is-symbolic-artificial-intelligence\/\">symbolic AI<\/a>, or <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2020\/03\/06\/905479\/ai-neuro-symbolic-system-reasons-like-child-deepmind-ibm-mit\/\">hybrid AI<\/a> either aren\u2019t going to pan out or will require serious overhauls to bridge the gap between modern machine learning and the sentient machines of tomorrow.<\/li>\n<li>AGI won\u2019t emerge by a weird act of God like <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imdb.com\/title\/tt0091949\/\">a military assault robot miraculously becoming alive<\/a> after being struck by lightning.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>So how will our future metal buddies gain the spark of consciousness? Let\u2019s get super scientific here and crank out a listicle with five separate ways AI could gain human-level intelligence and awareness:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Machine consciousness is back-doored via quantum computing<\/li>\n<li>A new calculus creates the Master Algorithm<\/li>\n<li>Scientists develop 1:1 replication of organic neural networks<\/li>\n<li>Cloud consciousness emerges through scattered node optimization<\/li>\n<li>Alien <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/technology\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"4\" title=\"Technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">technology<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quantum_AI\"><\/span>Quantum AI<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>In this first scenario, if we predict even a modest year-over-year increase in computation and error-correction abilities, it seems entirely plausible that machine intelligence could be <i>brute-forced<\/i><span> into existence by a quantum computer running strong algorithms in just a couple centuries or so. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Basically, this means the incredibly potent combination of exponentially increasing power and self-replicating artificial intelligence could cook up a sort of digital, quantum, primordial soup for AI where we just toss in some parameters and let evolution take its place. We\u2019ve already entered the era of quantum neural networks, a quantum AGI doesn\u2019t seem all that far-fetched. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_New_Calculus_Arrives\"><\/span><span>A New Calculus Arrives<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>What if intelligence doesn\u2019t require power? Sure, our fleshy bodies need energy to continue being alive and computers need electricity to run. But perhaps intelligence can exist without explicit representation. In other words: what if intelligence and consciousness can be reduced to purely mathematical concepts that only when properly executed became <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>arent?<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A researcher by the name of Daniel Buehrer seems to think <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/ftp\/arxiv\/papers\/1804\/1804.03301.pdf\">this could be possible<\/a>. They wrote a fascinating research paper proposing the creation of a new form of calculus that would, effectively, allow an intelligent \u201cmaster algorithm\u201d to emerge from its own code.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>The master algorithm idea isn\u2019t new, the legendary Pedro Domingos literally wrote the book on the concept \u2014 but what Buehrer\u2019s talking about is a different methodology. And a very cool one at that.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Here\u2019s Buehrer\u2019s take on how this hypothetical self-perpetuating calculus could unfold into explicit consciousness:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Allowing machines to modify their own model of the world and themselves may create \u201cconscious\u201d machines, where the measure of consciousness may be taken to be the number of uses of feedback loops between a class calculus\u2019s model of the world and the results of what its robots actually caused to happen in the world.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span>They even go on to propose that such a consciousness would be capable of having little internal thought wars to determine which actions occurring in the machine\u2019s mind\u2019s eye should be effected into the physical world. The whole paper is pretty wild, you can read more here.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"A_Perfect_Model_of_the_Human_Brain\"><\/span><span>A Perfect Model of the Human Brain<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>This one\u2019s pretty easy to wrap your head around (pun intended). Instead of a bunch of millionaire AI developers with billion-dollar big tech research labs figuring out how to create a new species of intelligent being out of computer code, we just figure out how to create <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ft.com\/content\/df752cc6-ac98-11e9-8030-530adfa879c2\">a perfect artificial brain<\/a>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Easy right? The biggest upside here would be the potential for humans and machines to occupy the same spaces. This is clearly a recipe for augmented humans \u2013 cyborgs. Perhaps we could become immortal by transferring our own consciousnesses into non-organic brains. But the bigger picture would be the ability to develop robots and AI in the true image of humans.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>If we can figure out how to make a functional replica of the human brain, including the entire neural network housed within it, all we\u2019d need to do is\u00a0keep it running and shovel <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedaily.com\/releases\/2019\/10\/191017114941.htm\">the right components and algorithms<\/a> into it. <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cloud_Consciousness\"><\/span><span>Cloud Consciousness<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Maybe conscious machines are already here. Or maybe they\u2019ll quietly show up a year or a hundred years from now completely hidden in the background. I\u2019m talking about cloud consciousness and the idea that <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/abstract\/document\/4274891\">a self-replicating, learning AI<\/a> created solely to optimize large systems could one day gain a form of sentience that would, qualitatively, indicate superintelligence but otherwise remain unnoticed by humans. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>How could this happen? Imagine if Amazon Web Services or Google Search released a cutting-edge algorithm into their respective systems a few decades from now and it created its own self-propagating solution system that, through the sheer scope of its control, became self-aware. <\/span>We\u2019d have a ghost in the machine.<\/p>\n<p>Since this self-organized AI system wouldn\u2019t have been designed to interface with humans or translate its interpretations of the world it exists in into something humans can understand, it stands to reason that it could live forever as a superintelligent, self-aware, digital entity without ever alerting us to its presence.<\/p>\n<p><span>For all we know there\u2019s a living, sentient AI chilling out in the Gmail servers just gathering data on humans (note: there almost certainly isn\u2019t, but it\u2019s a fun thought exercise). <\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Alien_Technology\"><\/span><span>Alien Technology <\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Don\u2019t laugh. Of all the methods by which machines could hypothetically gain true intelligence, alien tech is the most likely to make it happen in our lifetimes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Here we can make one of two assumptions: Aliens will either visit us sometime in the near future (perhaps to congratulate us on achieving <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.seti.org.au\/spacecom\/quantumcom.html\">quantum-based interstellar communication<\/a>) or we\u2019ll discover some ancient alien technology once we put <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mars-one.com\/\">humans on Mars<\/a> within the next few decades. These are the basic\u00a0plots of Star Trek and\u00a0the Mass Effect video <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/game\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"7\" title=\"Game\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">game<\/a> series respectively.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Here\u2019s hoping that, no matter how The Singularity comes about, it ushers in a new age of prosperity for all intelligent beings.\u00a0<\/span>But just in case it doesn\u2019t work out so well, we\u2019ve got something that\u2019ll help you prepare for the worst. Check out these articles in Neural\u2019s <em>Beginner\u2019s Guide to the AI Apocalypse<\/em> series:<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-post-pubDate\">\n                                    Published November 18, 2020 \u2014 19:50 UTC<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script data-src=\"https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/sdk.js#xfbml=1&amp;appId=378011798897423&amp;version=v2.6\" id=\"socialSrcFacebook\" type=\"text\/template\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMLG0nwswvr63Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more like this article, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/technology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Technology category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/neural\/2020\/11\/18\/neurals-guide-to-the-glorious-future-of-ai-heres-how-machines-become-sentient\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;#Here\u2019s how machines become sentient&#8221; Welcome to Neural\u2019s guide to the glorious future of AI. What wonders will tomorrow\u2019s machines be capable of? How do we get from Alexa and Siri to Rosie the Robot and R2D2? In this speculative science series we\u2019ll put our optimist hats on and try to answer those questions and&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":114957,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/img-cdn.tnwcdn.com\/image\/neural?filter_last=1&fit=1280,640&url=https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2013\/04\/prediction.jpg&signature=992a7d1559e5c304cbe0f19c83784d7a","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-114956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=114956"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/114956\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/114957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=114956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=114956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=114956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}