{"id":12638,"date":"2020-06-22T15:27:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-22T12:27:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/researchers-decode-jellyfish-genomes-and-unveil-its-ecological-roles\/"},"modified":"2020-06-22T15:27:00","modified_gmt":"2020-06-22T12:27:00","slug":"researchers-decode-jellyfish-genomes-and-unveil-its-ecological-roles","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/researchers-decode-jellyfish-genomes-and-unveil-its-ecological-roles\/","title":{"rendered":"#Researchers decode jellyfish genomes and unveil its ecological roles"},"content":{"rendered":"

“#Researchers decode jellyfish genomes and unveil its ecological roles<\/strong>”<\/p>\n

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\"Researchers<\/img>
\n Rhopilema esculentum (also known as flame jellyfish) is regarded as a delicacy in Asia. Credit: The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

A research team led by Professor Jerome Hui Ho Lam from the School of Life Science<\/a>s at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) has decoded for the first time the high-quality genomes of two jellyfish commonly found in Asian waters, including the edible flame jellyfish. Further studies have revealed many unexpected biological findings, including the identification of hormones which are thought to be only contained in arthropods like insects. The findings, just published in Nature Communications<\/i>, provide references for further studies on the evolution, ecological roles and population bloom of jellyfish.<\/p>\n

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Jellyfish are found in every major ocean in the world, from surface waters to the deep sea. They play an important role in the oceanic food chain. Several species of jellyfish have also been adopted as a food source in some Asian regions. However, factors like climate change and ocean eutrophication have promoted high frequencies in jellyfish bloom, which, in turn, are responsible for negative effects on human activities and the marine ecosystem. Jellyfish swarms sting thousands of swimmers, clog the cooling systems of power stations and damage fishing app<\/a>aratus.<\/p>\n

Jellyfish have many characteristics and shapes. Some of them glitter, some of them can be reborn, some can reproduce both asexually and sexually, and some of them do not have circular bells until adulthood. Very little is known about the factors that regulate their transformation.
\nTo better understand their hidden biology, Prof. Hui and his team sequenced the genomes of two species of jellyfish found in Asian seawaters, including Hong Kong, the Amuska jellyfish Sanderia malayensis and the edible jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum, also known as the flame jellyfish, which is regarded as a delicacy in China and some Southeast Asian countries.<\/p>\n

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\"Researchers<\/img>
\n Sanderia malayensis, also know as Amuska jellyfish, is native to the tropical Indo-Pacific region. Credit: The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)
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The team reports several unexpected findings ranging through genome architecture, development, noncoding RNAs and evolution. A highlight finding is that the genes that encode sesquiterpenoid hormones, including family members of the well-known juvenile hormone in insects, have for the first time been found to be present in jellyfish.
\nSesquiterpenoid hormones are important in regulating metamorphosis in insects, e.g., the molt and wing growth of the silkworm. Since jellyfish also undergo metamorphosis during their life cycle, this finding would help scientists to understand how jellyfish undergo the transition between developmental stages, and the change of reproduction method during their lifecycle.
\nAnother key finding is the distinct organization of homeobox genes in the two-germ-layer jellyfish to that of three-germ-layer bilaterians, including humans. Homeobox genes are important development regulators for the formation of three germ layers in bilaterians. Cnidarians like jellyfish only have two germ layers, but contain most of the three germ layer homeobox genes. The team has now identified distinct homeobox gene organization in two jellyfishes, showing the cnidarians and bilaterians have undergone different pathways since their extinct cnidarian-bilaterian ancestor of more than 600 million years before.<\/p>\n

Professor Hui said, “Jellyfish are fascinating marine creatures. This curious looking animal has myriads of characteristics and ecological features that are worth studying by marine scientists. Our team will further explore its mechanism on both evolution and development, understand the functions of the newly discovered hormones in these cnidarians, and examine new methods in response to the threat brought by jellyfish bloom and climate change.”<\/p>\n

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More information:<\/strong>
\n Wenyan Nong et al. Jellyfish genomes reveal distinct homeobox gene clusters and conservation of small RNA processing, Nature Communications<\/i> (2020). DOI: 10.1038\/s41467-020-16801-9\n <\/div>\n

\n Citation<\/strong>:
\n Researchers decode jellyfish genomes and unveil its ecological roles (2020, June 22)
\n retrieved 22 June 2020
\n from https:\/\/phys.org\/news<\/a>\/2020-06-decode-jellyfish-genomes-unveil-ecological.html<\/p>\n

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“#Researchers decode jellyfish genomes and unveil its ecological roles” Rhopilema esculentum (also known as flame jellyfish) is regarded as a delicacy in Asia. Credit: The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) A research team led by Professor Jerome Hui Ho Lam from the School of Life Sciences at The Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[11811,25600],"class_list":["post-12638","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sciencee","tag-plants-animals-ecology","tag-researchers-decode-jellyfish-genomes-and-unveil-its-ecological-roles"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12638","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12638"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12638\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12638"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12638"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12638"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}