{"id":155301,"date":"2021-01-14T17:35:31","date_gmt":"2021-01-14T14:35:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/what-does-a-rock-climbing-belay-device-have-in-common-with-a-subsea-cable-installation-vessel\/"},"modified":"2021-01-14T17:35:31","modified_gmt":"2021-01-14T14:35:31","slug":"what-does-a-rock-climbing-belay-device-have-in-common-with-a-subsea-cable-installation-vessel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/what-does-a-rock-climbing-belay-device-have-in-common-with-a-subsea-cable-installation-vessel\/","title":{"rendered":"#What does a rock climbing belay device have in common with a subsea cable installation vessel?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;<strong>#What does a rock climbing belay device have in common with a subsea cable installation vessel?<\/strong>&#8221;<\/p>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2021\/whatdoesaroc.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2021\/whatdoesaroc.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"A cable exhibiting torsion (above) and writhing (below). Credit: SINTEF\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2021\/whatdoesaroc.jpg\" alt=\"What does a rock climbing belay device have in common with a subsea cable installation vessel?\" title=\"A cable exhibiting torsion (above) and writhing (below). Credit: SINTEF\" width=\"746\" height=\"288\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                A cable exhibiting torsion (above) and writhing (below). Credit: SINTEF<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>,What does a rock climbing belay device have in common with a subsea cable installation vessel?<\/p>\n<p>                                                                                The answer is that both can cause torsion, meaning the climbing rope or cable will start to twist. Up until now, no-one could explain why this h<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>ened. However, two enthusiastic researchers, who happen to be rock climbers, made it their business to solve the mystery.<\/p>\n<p>The construction of offshore wind and solar farms requires electrical cables, both as components of the farms themselves, and to carry the generated electricity onshore. Operators responsible for handling the cables during their manufacture, transport and installation have from time to time found that they quite literally have a tendency to twist and curl up. The same thing can happen to a rope when a climber is abseiling.<\/p>\n<p>The tendency for subsea electrical cables and flexible pipes to twist during their manufacture, handling and installation is a phenomenon that up until now has proved difficult to explain. It is a major drawback during handling and storage, and can be very expensive.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;It will perhaps come as a surprise to many that the torsion is caused by friction inside the cable,&#8221; says SINTEF researcher and torsion enthusiast Philippe Main\u00e7on.<\/p>\n<p><b>Cable torsion can cost millions<\/b><\/p>\n<p>There are many examples of instances where internal friction has caused major problems.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;In one case, a vessel had to abort the installation of a major electrical cable due to the cable writhing and curling on deck, says Main\u00e7on, who has been called &#8220;Dr. Twist&#8217; by one of SINTEF&#8217;s clients.<\/p>\n<p>The cable had to be cut and abandoned on the seabed. The vessel returned to port and had to wait for months before the cable could be recovered, spliced together and the installation completed.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"mb-4\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"What does a rock climbing belay device have in common with a subsea cable installation vessel?\"\/><meta itemprop=\"url\" content=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/-KHCkVzX9lg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"An effective installation vessel has more in common with a good belay device than you might think.\u00a0 Credit: Film and editing by Philippe Main\u00e7on (SINTEF) and Edvin Viggen (Smidesang&amp;Lyng)\"\/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2021-01-14T08:31:00-05:00\"\/><meta itemprop=\"embedUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-KHCkVzX9lg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/-KHCkVzX9lg\/maxresdefault.jpg\"\/><br \/>\n             <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"What does a rock climbing belay device have in common with a subsea cable installation vessel?\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-KHCkVzX9lg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up mt-4\" itemprop=\"caption\">An effective installation vessel has more in common with a good belay device than you might think.\u00a0 Credit: Film and editing by Philippe Main\u00e7on (SINTEF) and Edvin Viggen (Smidesang&amp;Lyng)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>A cable can also incur localized damage, which in the best case can be beaten back into shape or spliced. In the worst case, however, the cable may have to be replaced.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;In some cases it can be difficult to determine there is damage to the conductor or the insulation,&#8221; says Main\u00e7on. Damage of this kind can result in the failure of cables under operation, causing outages for large numbers of consumers,&#8221; he says.<br \/>\n                                            <!-- Google middle Adsense block --><\/p>\n<p><b>An old problem, poorly researched<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Such problems are old <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>. The oil industry has also experienced some incidents of this kind, with some incidents costing tens of millions of Euros.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;However, with the exception of our own contributions, we find no scientific literature published on this topic,&#8221; says Main\u00e7on. &#8220;Nor are there any reporting requirements for such incidents, because they don&#8217;t cause injury to personnel or lead directly to environmental pollution. Moreover, no-one wants to tell the world about their embarrassing mistakes.  As a result, the industry has too little knowledge of this phenomenon,&#8221; he says.<\/p>\n<p>But now SINTEF has done something about the problem. In recent years, researchers have participated both in cable damage investigations and design support in collaboration with Norwegian and foreign companies, and their involvement has produced a important new knowledge.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Even experienced engineers can be surprised by the level of advanced mechanics needed to explain the causes of the torsion we observe,&#8221; says Main\u00e7on&#8217;s colleague Vegard Longva.<\/p>\n<p><b>Climbing expertise<\/b><\/p>\n<p>The two researchers, who are both enthusiastic climbers, have applied their scientific expertise when handling climbing ropes during their time off.<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2021\/1-whatdoesaroc.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2021\/1-whatdoesaroc.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Bend the cable like this and try to roll it. It\u2019s surprisingly difficult. Credit: SINTEF\">\n<figure class=\"article-img text-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2021\/1-whatdoesaroc.jpg\" alt=\"What does a rock climbing belay device have in common with a subsea cable installation vessel?\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-left text-darken text-truncate text-low-up mt-3\">\n                Bend the cable like this and try to roll it. It\u2019s surprisingly difficult. Credit: SINTEF<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8220;We both have experience using climbing ropes, and this has helped us to gain insights into cables because some of the physics involved is exactly the same,&#8221; says Main\u00e7on. &#8220;An effective installation vessel has more in common with a good belay device than you might think,&#8221; he jokes, while at the same time emphasizing that the development of both mathematical and numerical models play a key role in their investigation of this problem.<\/p>\n<p>Several mechanism can cause torsion in cables. One of the most important is linked to the fact that when a cable is guided, for example from the manufacturing facility onto the installation vessel, it is being bent in different directions.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;It&#8217;s easy to see that a lot of force is needed to bend a large cable and cause the reinforcement threads to start sliding,&#8221; says Longva.  &#8220;But here comes the surprise,&#8221; he says, inviting us to make a small experiment.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Put a piece of tape halfway along a piece of cable and bend it, for example into a downward bend.  Then try to hold the bend in position while rolling the cableso that the tape takes a turn around the cable. You&#8217;ll be surprised how much force it takes.  These same forces can damage during handling,&#8221; he says.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;No-one would build a major bridge without having made calculations to ensure that the structure will be sound,&#8221; says Main\u00e7on &#8220;The same principle should apply to cable handling when we construct a cable manufacturing facility or an installation vessel,&#8221; he says.<\/p>\n<p>The industry requests guidance on how to estimate torsion loads, equipment for the real-time monitoring of operations, and test rigs designed to evaluate the capacity of a cable to tolerate torque.<\/p>\n<p>The researchers are now setting about the task of disseminating their new knowledge by means of the commercially-funded Torsion Joint Industry Project, in which many overseas cable manufacturers, installers and operators are taking part.<\/p>\n<p>Dissemination will be achieved by means of workshops and a handbook that is currently in preparation. There are also plans to develop specific guidelines for torsion calculations.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Complex situations in which torsion results in unfavorable geometries that in turn lead to further torsion will require highly specific numerical models, so there is no shortage of work ahead of us,&#8221; says Main\u00e7on. &#8220;But our aim is clear\u2014to ensure that the journey to fossil-free energy occurs without tangles,&#8221; he says.\n                                                                                                                        <\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<div class=\"article-main__explore my-4 d-print-none\">\n<p>                                            AFRL creates safer-than-steel synthetic winch cable for cargo aircraft\n                                        <\/p><\/div>\n<hr class=\"mb-4\"\/>\n<div class=\"article-main__more p-4\">\n                                                                                                <strong>More information:<\/strong><br \/>\n                                                Vegard Longva et al. A Lagrangian\u2013Eulerian formulation for reeling analysis of history-dependent multilayered beams, <i>Computers &amp; Structures<\/i> (2014). <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" data-doi=\"1\" href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.compstruc.2014.09.002\">DOI: 10.1016\/j.compstruc.2014.09.002<\/a><br \/>\nVegard Longva et al. On prediction of torque in flexible pipe reeling operations using a Lagrangian\u2013Eulerian FE framework, <i>Marine Structures<\/i> (2016). <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" data-doi=\"1\" href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1016\/j.marstruc.2016.01.004\">DOI: 10.1016\/j.marstruc.2016.01.004<\/a> <\/p>\n<p>Philippe Main\u00e7on. Torsion in Flexible Pipes, Umbilicals and Cables Under Loadout to Installation Vessels, <i>Volume 9: Offshore Geotechnics; Torgeir Moan Honoring Symposium<\/i> (2017). <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" data-doi=\"1\" href=\"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1115\/OMAE2017-62716\">DOI: 10.1115\/OMAE2017-62716<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"d-inline-block text-medium my-4\">\n                                                Provided by<br \/>\n                                                                                                    Norwegian University of <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/sciencee\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"5\" title=\"Science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/technology\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"4\" title=\"Technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Technology<\/a><br \/>\n                                                                                                        <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"icon_open\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ntnu.edu\/\"><br \/>\n                                                        <svg><use href=\"https:\/\/techx.b-cdn.net\/tmpl\/v2\/img\/svg\/sprite.svg#icon_open\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p>                                        <!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>\n                                                 <strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n                                                 What does a rock climbing belay device have in common with a subsea cable installation vessel? (2021, January 14)<br \/>\n                                                 retrieved 15 January 2021<br \/>\n                                                 from https:\/\/techxplore.com\/news\/2021-01-climbing-belay-device-common-subsea.html<\/p>\n<p>                                            This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no<br \/>\n                                            part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script id=\"facebook-jssdk\" async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/sdk.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. 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Credit: SINTEF ,What does a rock climbing belay device have in common with a subsea cable installation vessel? The answer is that both can cause torsion, meaning the climbing rope or&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":155302,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2021\/whatdoesaroc.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-155301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sciencee"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/155301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=155301"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/155301\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/155302"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=155301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=155301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=155301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}