{"id":178159,"date":"2021-02-14T16:00:20","date_gmt":"2021-02-14T13:00:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/how-pee-bacteria-could-change-electricity-production-as-we-know-it\/"},"modified":"2021-02-14T16:00:20","modified_gmt":"2021-02-14T13:00:20","slug":"how-pee-bacteria-could-change-electricity-production-as-we-know-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-pee-bacteria-could-change-electricity-production-as-we-know-it\/","title":{"rendered":"#How \u2018pee bacteria\u2019 could change electricity production as we know it"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a28a3678ab22\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a28a3678ab22\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-pee-bacteria-could-change-electricity-production-as-we-know-it\/#How_they_work\" >How they work<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-pee-bacteria-could-change-electricity-production-as-we-know-it\/#1_Pee_power\" >1. Pee power<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-pee-bacteria-could-change-electricity-production-as-we-know-it\/#2_Plant_MFCs\" >2. Plant MFCs<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-pee-bacteria-could-change-electricity-production-as-we-know-it\/#3_Microbial_desalination_cells\" >3. Microbial desalination cells<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-pee-bacteria-could-change-electricity-production-as-we-know-it\/#4_Improving_the_yield_of_natural_gas\" >4. Improving the yield of natural gas<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>&#8220;<strong>#How \u2018pee bacteria\u2019 could change electricity production as we know it<\/strong>&#8221;<\/p>\n<div>\n                            The world population is estimated to reach 9.5 billion by 2050. Given that most of our current energy is generated from fossil fuels, this creates significant challenges when it comes to providing enough sustainable electricity while mitigating climate change.<\/p>\n<p>One idea that has gained traction over recent years is generating electricity using bacteria in devices called <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=TBmyG7XDl8w\">microbial fuel cells<\/a> (MFCs). These fuel cells rely on the ability of certain naturally occurring microorganisms that have the ability to \u201cbreathe\u201d metals, exchanging electrons to create electricity. This process can be fuelled using substances called substrates, which include organic materials found in wastewater.<\/p>\n<p>At the moment microbial fuel cells are able to generate electricity to power small devices such as calculators, small fans, and LEDs \u2013 in our lab we powered the lights on a mini Christmas tree using \u201csimulated wastewater.\u201d But if the <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/technology\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"4\" title=\"Technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">technology<\/a> is scaled up, it holds great promise.<\/p>\n<p><em>[Read:\u00a0<span dir=\"auto\">How Polestar is using blockchain to increase transparency<\/span>]<\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_they_work\"><\/span>How they work<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>MFCs use a system of anodes and cathodes \u2013 electrodes that pass a current either in or out. Common MFC systems consist of an anode chamber and a cathode chamber separated by a membrane. The bacteria grow on the anode and convert the substrates into carbon dioxide, protons, and electrons.<\/p>\n<p>The electrons that are produced are then transferred via an external circuit to the cathode chamber, while the protons pass through the membrane. In the cathode chamber, a reaction between the protons and the electrons uses up oxygen and forms water. And as long as substrates are continually converted, electrons will flow \u2013 which is what electricity is.<\/p>\n<p>Generating electricity through MFCs has a number of advantages: systems can be set up anywhere; they create less \u201csludge\u201d than conventional methods of wastewater treatment such as <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/earth-and-planetary-sciences\/activated-sludge\">activated sludge systems<\/a>; they can be small-scale, yet a modular design can be used to build bigger systems; they have a high tolerance to salinity, and they can operate at room temperature.<\/p>\n<p>The availability of a wide range of renewable substrates that can be used to generate electricity in MFCs has the potential to revolutionize electricity production in the future. Such substrates include urine, organic matter in wastewater, substances secreted by living plants into the soil (root exudates), inorganic wastes like sulfides, and even <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11157-013-9322-2\">gaseous pollutants<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Pee_power\"><\/span>1. Pee power<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Biodegradable matter in waste materials such as feces and urine can be converted into electricity. This was demonstrated in a microbial fuel cell latrine in Ghana, which suggested that <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/people.umass.edu\/csbutler\/publications\/2014-castro-iwa-mfc-latrine.pdf\">toilets could in the\u00a0future be potential power stations<\/a>. The latrine, which was operated for two years, was able to generate 268 nW\/m\u00b2 of electricity, enough to power an LED light inside the latrine, while removing nitrogen from urine and composting the feces.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/375340\/original\/file-20201216-23-f7ifig.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"398\" class=\" lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/375340\/original\/file-20201216-23-f7ifig.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" data-lazy=\"true\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/375340\/original\/file-20201216-23-f7ifig.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=398&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/375340\/original\/file-20201216-23-f7ifig.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=398&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/375340\/original\/file-20201216-23-f7ifig.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=398&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/375340\/original\/file-20201216-23-f7ifig.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=500&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/375340\/original\/file-20201216-23-f7ifig.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=500&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/375340\/original\/file-20201216-23-f7ifig.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=500&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><\/a><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/tech\/2021\/02\/14\/pee-bacteria-change-electricity-production-syndication\/#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthenextweb.com%2Ftech%2F2021%2F02%2F14%2Fpee-bacteria-change-electricity-production-syndication%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Schematic of an MFC latrine. Cynthia Castro et al. Journal of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Development, 2014.\" data-title=\"Share Schematic of an MFC latrine. Cynthia Castro et al. Journal of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Development, 2014. on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Schematic of an MFC latrine. Cynthia Castro et al. Journal of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Development, 2014. on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>Schematic of an MFC latrine. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/people.umass.edu\/csbutler\/publications\/2014-castro-iwa-mfc-latrine.pdf\">Cynthia Castro et al. Journal of Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene for Development, 2014.<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\/><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>For locations with no grid electricity or for refugee camps, the use of waste in latrines to produce electricity could truly be revolutionary.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Plant_MFCs\"><\/span>2. Plant MFCs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Another renewable and sustainable substrate that MFCs could use to generate electricity is plant root exudates, in what are called <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=XESK2DleVro\">plant MFCs<\/a>. When plants grow they produce carbohydrates such as glucose, some of which are exuded into the root system. The microorganisms near the roots convert the carbohydrates into protons, electrons, and carbon dioxide.<\/p>\n<figure><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Plant-e animation [EN]\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/XESK2DleVro?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/figure>\n<p>In a plant MFC, the protons are transferred through a membrane and recombine with oxygen to complete the circuit of electron transfer. By connecting a load into the circuitry, the electricity being generated can be harnessed.<\/p>\n<p>Plant MFCs could revolutionize electricity production in isolated communities that have no access to the grid. In towns, streets could be lit using trees.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Microbial_desalination_cells\"><\/span>3. Microbial desalination cells<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Another variation of microbial fuel cells are <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dq3uZy1cX3Q\">microbial desalination cells<\/a>. These devices use bacteria to generate electricity, for example from wastewater, while simultaneously desalinating water. The water to be desalinated is put in a chamber sandwiched between the anode and cathode chambers of MFCs using membranes of negatively (anion) and positively (cation) charged ions.<\/p>\n<p>When the bacteria in the anode chamber consume the wastewater, protons are released. These protons cannot pass through the anion membrane, so negative ions move from the salty water into the anode chamber. At the cathode protons are consumed, so positively charged ions move from the salty water to the cathode chamber, desalinating the water in the middle chamber. Ions released in the anode and cathode chambers help to improve the efficiency of electricity generation.<\/p>\n<p>Conventional water desalination is currently very energy-intensive and hence costly. A process that achieves desalination on a large scale while producing (not consuming) electricity would be revolutionary.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center \">\n<figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\" lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/376204\/original\/file-20201221-23-1c3urug.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" data-lazy=\"true\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/376204\/original\/file-20201221-23-1c3urug.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/376204\/original\/file-20201221-23-1c3urug.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/376204\/original\/file-20201221-23-1c3urug.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=400&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/376204\/original\/file-20201221-23-1c3urug.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/376204\/original\/file-20201221-23-1c3urug.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/376204\/original\/file-20201221-23-1c3urug.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=503&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/tech\/2021\/02\/14\/pee-bacteria-change-electricity-production-syndication\/#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Fthenextweb.com%2Ftech%2F2021%2F02%2F14%2Fpee-bacteria-change-electricity-production-syndication%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Desalination plant in Hamburg. Current desalination technology is very energy intensive. Andrea Izzotti\/Shutterstock\" data-title=\"Share Desalination plant in Hamburg. Current desalination technology is very energy intensive. Andrea Izzotti\/Shutterstock on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Desalination plant in Hamburg. Current desalination technology is very energy intensive. Andrea Izzotti\/Shutterstock on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>Desalination plant in Hamburg. Current desalination technology is very energy intensive. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.shutterstock.com\/image-photo\/desalination-plant-hamburg-harbor-metallic-eggs-242746372\">Andrea Izzotti\/Shutterstock<\/a><span style=\"font-size: 16px;\"\/><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Improving_the_yield_of_natural_gas\"><\/span>4. Improving the yield of natural gas<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/agstar\/how-does-anaerobic-digestion-work\">Anaerobic digestion<\/a> \u2013 where microorganisms are used to break down biodegradable or waste matter without needing oxygen \u2013 is used to recover energy from wastewater by producing biogas that is mostly methane \u2013 the main ingredient of natural gas. But this process is usually inefficient.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sfamjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1462-2920.2006.00989.x\">Research suggests<\/a> that the microbial groups used within these digesters share electrons \u2013 what has been dubbed interspecies electron transfer \u2013 opening up the possibility that they could use positive energy to influence their metabolism.<\/p>\n<p>By supplying a small voltage to anaerobic digesters \u2013 a process called <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ZdieLPQUpcw&amp;list=RDCMUCRuCgmzhczsm89jzPtN2Wuw&amp;start_radio=1&amp;t=75\">electromethanogenesis<\/a> \u2013 the methane yield (and hence the electricity that could be recovered from combined heat and power plants) can be significantly improved.<\/p>\n<p>While microbial fuel cells are able to generate electricity to power small devices, researchers are investigating ways to scale up the reactors to increase the amount of power they can generate and to further understand how extracellular electron transfer works. A few start-up companies such as <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/power.nridigital.com\/power_technology_mar19\/a_new_source_of_clean_energy_urine_luck\">Robial<\/a> and <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.plant-e.com\/en\/\">Plant-e<\/a> are beginning to commercialize microbial fuel cells. In the future, microbial fuel cells could even be used to generate electricity in regenerative life support systems during long-term human space missions. It\u2019s early days, but the technology holds much promise.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important; text-shadow: none !important;\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\" lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/152184\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" data-lazy=\"true\"\/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><em>This article by <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/godfrey-kyazze-1183865\">Godfrey Kyazze<\/a>, Reader in Bioprocess Technology, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-westminster-916\">University of Westminster<\/a>\u00a0is republished from <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/four-ways-microbial-fuel-cells-might-revolutionise-electricity-production-in-the-future-152184\">original article<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p class=\"post-article-read-next\">\n    <b>Read next:<\/b><\/p>\n<p>        Unity is driving over half of today\u2019s top mobile <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/game\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"7\" title=\"Game\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">game<\/a>s. So learn what\u2019s under the Unity hood    <\/p><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMLG0nwswvr63Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more like this article, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/technology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Technology category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/tech\/2021\/02\/14\/pee-bacteria-change-electricity-production-syndication\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;#How \u2018pee bacteria\u2019 could change electricity production as we know it&#8221; The world population is estimated to reach 9.5 billion by 2050. Given that most of our current energy is generated from fossil fuels, this creates significant challenges when it comes to providing enough sustainable electricity while mitigating climate change. One idea that has gained&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":178160,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/img-cdn.tnwcdn.com\/image\/tnw?filter_last=1&fit=1280,640&url=https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/02\/1-copy-32.jpg&signature=5d3f4783b4f8fef838af6fff32e6ffa9","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[35550,43485,93318,70752,70759],"class_list":["post-178159","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technology","tag-bacteria","tag-climate-change","tag-electricity-generation","tag-energy","tag-tech"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178159","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=178159"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/178159\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/178160"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=178159"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=178159"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=178159"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}