{"id":223323,"date":"2021-04-09T20:52:11","date_gmt":"2021-04-09T17:52:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/tantalizing-results-of-2-experiments-defy-physics-rulebook-2\/"},"modified":"2021-04-09T20:52:11","modified_gmt":"2021-04-09T17:52:11","slug":"tantalizing-results-of-2-experiments-defy-physics-rulebook-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/tantalizing-results-of-2-experiments-defy-physics-rulebook-2\/","title":{"rendered":"#\u2018Tantalizing\u2019 results of 2 experiments defy physics rulebook"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;<strong>#\u2018Tantalizing\u2019 results of 2 experiments defy physics rulebook<\/strong>&#8221;<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>Preliminary results from two experiments suggest something could be wrong with the basic way physicists think the universe works, a prospect that has the field of particle physics both baffled and thrilled.<\/p>\n<p>Tiny particles called muons aren\u2019t quite doing what is expected of them in two different long-running experiments in the United States and Europe. The confounding results \u2014 if proven right \u2014 reveal major problems with the rulebook physicists use to describe and understand how the universe works at the subatomic level.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe think we might be swimming in a sea of background particles all the time that just haven\u2019t been directly discovered,\u201d Fermilab experiment co-chief scientist Chris Polly said in a press conference. \u201cThere might be monsters we haven\u2019t yet imagined that are emerging from the vacuum interacting with our muons and this gives us a window into seeing them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The rulebook, called the\u00a0<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/home.cern\/science\/physics\/standard-model\">Standard Model,<\/a>\u00a0was developed about 50 years ago. Experiments performed over decades affirmed over and again that its de<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">script<\/a>ions of the particles and the forces that make up and govern the universe were pretty much on the mark. Until now.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed-youtube wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\n<span class=\"embed-youtube\" style=\"text-align:center; display: block;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"&#039;Tantalizing&#039; lab results defy physics rulebook\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kenT0SfoCqU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/span>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>\u201cNew particles, new physics might be just beyond our research,\u201d said Wayne State University particle physicist Alexey Petrov. \u201cIt\u2019s tantalizing.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The United States Energy Department\u2019s Fermilab announced results Wednesday of 8.2 billion races along a track outside Chicago that while ho-hum to most people have physicists astir: The muons\u2019 magnetic fields don\u2019t seem to be what the Standard Model says they should be. This follows\u00a0<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/home.cern\/news\/news\/physics\/intriguing-new-result-lhcb-experiment-cern\">new results<\/a>\u00a0published last month from the European Center for Nuclear Research\u2019s Large Hadron Collider that found a surprising proportion of particles in the aftermath of high-speed collisions.<\/p>\n<p>If confirmed, the US results would be the biggest finding in the bizarre world of subatomic particles in nearly 10 years, since the discovery of the Higgs boson, often called the \u201cGod particle,\u201d said Aida El-Khadra of the University of Illinois, who works on theoretical physics for the Fermilab experiment.<\/p>\n<p>The point of the experiments, explains Johns Hopkins University theoretical physicist David Kaplan, is to pull apart particles and find out if there\u2019s \u201csomething funny going on\u201d with both the particles and the seemingly empty space between them.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe secrets don\u2019t just live in matter. They live in something that seems to fill in all of space and time. These are quantum fields,\u201d Kaplan said. \u201cWe\u2019re putting energy into the vacuum and seeing what comes out.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Both sets of results involve the strange, fleeting particle called the\u00a0<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"http:\/\/www.hep.vanderbilt.edu\/~gabellwe\/qnweb\/qnpptr\/What_is_a_Muon.pdf\" class=\"\">muon<\/a>. The muon is the heavier cousin to the electron that orbits an atom\u2019s center. But the muon is not part of the atom, it is unstable and normally exists for only two microseconds. After it was discovered in cosmic rays in 1936 it so confounded scientists that a famous physicist asked \u201cWho ordered that?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cSince the very beginning it was making physicists scratch their heads,\u201d said Graziano Venanzoni, an experimental physicist at an Italian national lab, who is one of the top scientists on the US Fermilab experiment, called Muon g-2.<\/p>\n<p>The experiment sends muons around a magnetized track that keeps the particles in existence long enough for researchers to get a closer look at them. Preliminary results suggest that the magnetic \u201cspin\u201d of the muons is 0.1 percent off what the Standard Model predicts. That may not sound like much, but to particle physicists it is huge \u2014 more than enough to upend current understanding.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers need another year or two to finish analyzing the results of all of the laps around the 50-foot (14-meter) track. If the results don\u2019t change, it will count as a major discovery, Venanzoni said.<\/p>\n<p>Separately, at the world\u2019s largest atom smasher at CERN, physicists have been crashing protons against each other there to see what happens after. One of the particle colliders\u2019 several separate experiments measures what happens when particles called beauty or bottom quarks collide.<\/p>\n<p>The Standard Model predicts that these beauty quark crashes should result in equal numbers of electrons and muons. It\u2019s sort of like flipping a coin 1,000 times and getting about equal numbers of heads and tails, said\u00a0<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/lhcb-public.web.cern.ch\/Welcome.html#RK2021\">Large Hadron Collider beauty experiment<\/a>\u00a0chief Chris Parkes.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" alt=\"In this 2018 photo made available by CERN, Nikolai Bondar works on the LHCb Muon system at the European Organization for Nuclear Research Large Hadron Collider facility outside of Geneva. \" class=\"wp-image-17844704 lazyload\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nypost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/04\/defying-physics-1.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=300 300w, https:\/\/nypost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/04\/defying-physics-1.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=640 640w, https:\/\/nypost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/04\/defying-physics-1.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=1280 1280w, https:\/\/nypost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/04\/defying-physics-1.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=1024 1024w, https:\/\/nypost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/04\/defying-physics-1.jpg?quality=90&amp;strip=all&amp;w=2000 2000w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1024px\"\/><figcaption>In this 2018 photo made available by CERN, Nikolai Bondar works on the LHCb Muon system at the European Organization for Nuclear Research Large Hadron Collider facility outside of Geneva. <\/figcaption><figcaption><span class=\"credit\">AP<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>But that\u2019s not what happened.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers pored over the data from several years and a few thousand crashes\u00a0<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2103.11769.pdf\">and found<\/a>\u00a0a 15 percent difference, with significantly more electrons than muons, said experiment researcher Sheldon Stone of Syracuse University.<\/p>\n<p>Neither experiment is being called an official discovery yet because there is still a tiny chance that the results are statistical quirks. Running the experiments more times \u2014 planned in both cases \u2014 could, in a year or two, reach the incredibly stringent statistical requirements for physics to hail it as a discovery, researchers said.<\/p>\n<p>If the results do hold, they would upend \u201cevery other calculation made\u201d in the world of particle physics, Kaplan said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis is not a fudge factor. This is something wrong,\u201d Kaplan said. That something could be explained by a new particle or force.<\/p>\n<p>Or these results may be mistakes. In 2011, a strange finding that a particle called a neutrino seemed to be <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/trip-and-travel\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"10\" title=\"Trip &amp; Travel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">travel<\/a>ing faster than light threatened the model, but it turned out to be the result of a loose electrical connection problem in the experiment.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe checked all our cable connections and we\u2019ve done what we can to check our data,\u201d Stone said. \u201cWe\u2019re kind of confident, but you never know.\u201d\n            <\/p><\/div>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMLG0nwswvr63Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News<\/a> articles, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/news\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/nypost.com\/2021\/04\/09\/tantalizing-results-of-2-experiments-defy-physics-rulebook\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;#\u2018Tantalizing\u2019 results of 2 experiments defy physics rulebook&#8221; Preliminary results from two experiments suggest something could be wrong with the basic way physicists think the universe works, a prospect that has the field of particle physics both baffled and thrilled. Tiny particles called muons aren\u2019t quite doing what is expected of them in two different&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":223324,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/nypost.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2021\/04\/defying-physics-3.jpg?quality=90&strip=all&w=1200","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[70897],"tags":[101399,61514,67907,5050],"class_list":["post-223323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-4-9-21","tag-research","tag-science","tag-scientists"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=223323"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/223323\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/223324"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=223323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=223323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=223323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}