{"id":231192,"date":"2021-04-20T13:38:35","date_gmt":"2021-04-20T10:38:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/yes-exoplanets-can-have-oxygen-without-alien-life\/"},"modified":"2021-04-20T13:38:35","modified_gmt":"2021-04-20T10:38:35","slug":"yes-exoplanets-can-have-oxygen-without-alien-life","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/yes-exoplanets-can-have-oxygen-without-alien-life\/","title":{"rendered":"#Yes, exoplanets can have oxygen without alien life"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a26d7f4844ec\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a26d7f4844ec\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/yes-exoplanets-can-have-oxygen-without-alien-life\/#Ollie_ollie_exoplanet\" >Ollie ollie exoplanet!<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/yes-exoplanets-can-have-oxygen-without-alien-life\/#Turning_Up_the_Heat\" >Turning Up the Heat<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>&#8220;<strong>#Yes, exoplanets can have oxygen without alien life<\/strong>&#8221;<\/p>\n<div>The discovery of life on another world would be a monumental moment in the history of human civilization. The most likely way we will, one day, find alien life will be discovering chemical markers of life in the atmosphere of planets orbiting distant stars.<\/p>\n<p>One of these markers is oxygen, which currently makes up a little over 20 percent of the atmosphere of our own world. However, our own world held onto relatively little oxygen until 2.4 billion years ago, when oxygen-producing cyanobacteria filled the atmosphere with the gas, leading to the first <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thecosmiccompanion.net\/supernova-extinction-brian-fields\/\">widespread extinction<\/a> \u2014 the Great Oxidation event. Many lifeforms on Earth today, including human beings, are now dependent on this life-giving gas.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOxygen is a promising exoplanet biosignature due to the evolutionary advantage conferred by harnessing starlight for photosynthesis, and the <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>arent low likelihood of maintaining oxygen\u2010rich atmospheres without life,\u201d researchers explained in an article published in the journal <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1029\/2020AV000294\">AGU Advances<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ollie_ollie_exoplanet\"><\/span>Ollie ollie exoplanet!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There are <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/the-cosmic-companion\/how-will-we-find-et-5f9ab3817702?source=friends_link&amp;sk=eafd6d896566270d2b082e241b03cec2\">three scenarios through which we might discover life<\/a>. The first of these, and the least likely, is the arrival on our planet of members of an intelligent civilization in spacecraft. The second means of finding life would be the detection of an intelligent signal from another world, most likely through radio waves. The most-likely scenario would be the discovery of gases, like large quantities of oxygen, methane, or phosphine, in the atmosphere of an alien world.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Interview w\/ Scott Lambros, NASA JWST - Astronomy News w\/ The Cosmic Companion July 14, 2020\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/UHw425um478?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><em>The James Webb Space Telescope should soon become the latest planet hunter in the search for exoplanets \u2014 some of which might be home to life. We talk with Scott Lambros, NASA\u2019s instrument systems manager on this revolutionary observatory in space.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A new study from researchers at UC Santa Cruz highlights the need for an array of next-generation telescopes capable of searching exoplanets for multiple, independent, signs of life.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThis is useful because it shows there are ways to get oxygen in the atmosphere without life, but there are other observations you can make to help distinguish these false positives from the real deal. For each scenario, we try to say what your telescope would need to be able to do to distinguish this from biological oxygen,\u201d <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/news.ucsc.edu\/2021\/04\/exoplanet-atmospheres.html\">Joshua Krissansen-Totton<\/a>, a Sagan Fellow in the Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics at UC Santa Cruz, explains.<\/p>\n<p>Researchers hope that in the next 15 years or so, one or more telescopes in space will be capable of directly imaging exoplanets orbiting other stars, and studying the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/the-cosmic-companion\/seeing-atmospheres-around-distant-worlds-in-a-new-light-60f6121c933e?source=friends_link&amp;sk=47a10807f21e145019138ca3f2e479ca\">chemical makeup of their atmospheres<\/a>. Such study could provide multiple means to detect life on other worlds, providing additional evidence for the discovery.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere has a been a lot of discussion about whether detection of oxygen is \u2018enough\u2019 of a sign of life. This work really argues for needing to know the context of your detection. What other molecules are found in addition to oxygen, or not found, and what does that tell you about the planet\u2019s evolution?\u201d Jonathan Fortney, professor of astronomy and astrophysics at UCSC stated.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1347471 lazyreplaced\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life.jpeg\" alt=\"A look at how young magma planets could evolve into oxygen-rich worlds either with or without life.\" width=\"1440\" height=\"1080\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1440px) 100vw, 1440px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life.jpeg 1440w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-280x210.jpeg 280w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-360x270.jpeg 360w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-180x135.jpeg 180w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-796x597.jpeg 796w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-368x276.jpeg 368w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-736x552.jpeg 736w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-1376x1032.jpeg 1376w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-1044x783.jpeg 1044w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-632x474.jpeg 632w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-536x402.jpeg 536w, https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Pathways-to-making-oxygen-rich-exoplanet-atmospheres-without-life-1200x900.jpeg 1200w\"\/><figcaption>Credit: <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/the-cosmic-companion\/do-exoplanets-with-oxygen-mean-alien-life-not-so-fast-dead576511aa\">J. Krissansen-Totton<\/a><\/figcaption><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/news\/#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fspace%2F2021%2F04%2F20%2Fyes-exoplanets-can-have-oxygen-without-alien-life-syndication%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: A look at how young magma planets could evolve into oxygen-rich worlds either with or without life.\" data-title=\"Share A look at how young magma planets could evolve into oxygen-rich worlds either with or without life. on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share A look at how young magma planets could evolve into oxygen-rich worlds either with or without life. on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>A look at how young magma planets could evolve into oxygen-rich worlds either with or without life.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/watch-movies-tv-seriess\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"8\" title=\"Watch Movies &amp; TV Series\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">series<\/a> of simulations of theoretical exoplanets showed how exoplanets with oxygen could develop in the absence of life. The chemical makeup of these virtual worlds varied greatly depending on the presence of volatiles \u2014 those chemicals that are easily driven off worlds by heat and pressure from a nearby star.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf you run the model for Earth, with what we think was the initial inventory of volatiles, you reliably get the same outcome every time \u2014 without life you don\u2019t get oxygen in the atmosphere. But we also found multiple scenarios where you can get oxygen without life,\u201d Krissansen-Totton said.<\/p>\n<p>Oxygen can build up in planetary atmospheres without life by chemical processes. For instance, water in the upper <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thecosmiccompanion.net\/exoplanet-gj-1132-b-loses-atmosphere-belches-up-new-one\/\">atmosphere of an exoplanet<\/a> could interact with ultraviolet light from its sun, splitting the water into hydrogen and oxygen. Hydrogen would quickly escape into space, leaving oxygen behind.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Turning_Up_the_Heat\"><\/span>Turning Up the Heat<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Other processes, both chemical and geological, could convert these molecules into other products, reducing quantities of the gas on exoplanets with oxygen.<\/p>\n<p>However, simulations showed Earth-like planets containing more <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/the-cosmic-companion\/dawn-finds-dwarf-planet-ceres-is-a-water-rich-world-71ba20c1e65d?source=friends_link&amp;sk=506e7e8503224526f70830c63c69ed1e\">water<\/a> than our world will develop oceans far more vast than our own. The enormous pressures of these oceans would shut down geological processes, preventing oxygen from being absorbed into the planet, increasing levels of oxygen in the atmosphere.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"The TOI-561 System and Extreme Exoplanets - Dr. Lauren Weiss, U of Hawaii - February 2, 2021\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/r_QFsXew_Vs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><em>Exploring extreme exoplanets with Dr. Lauren Weiss from the University of Hawaii.<\/em><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Oh yeah, I need steam\u2026 Feel the steam all around me<br \/>Ah you\u2019re turning up the heat\u2026 When I start to dream aloud<br \/>See you move your hands and feet\u2026 Won\u2019t you step into this cloud of steam\u201d \u2014 \u201cSteam\u201d Peter Gabriel<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>The opposite case \u2014 exoplanets are lacking in water \u2014 can result in conditions where a surface of molten magma quickly freezes, leaving vast amounts of water in the air, in the form of a \u201csteam atmosphere.\u201d Once this water vapor meets with <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/the-cosmic-companion\/white-dwarfs-explode-in-ultraviolet-light-bce7a69d8f4c?source=friends_link&amp;sk=4b7329e1a4794aecfe13ff797bfce35f\">ultraviolet light<\/a>, and hydrogen escapes to space, atmospheric oxygen would be left behind.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOn Earth, once water condensed on the surface, escape rates were low. But if you retain a steam atmosphere after the molten surface has solidified, there\u2019s a window of about a million years when oxygen can build up because there are high water concentrations in the upper atmosphere and no molten surface to consume the oxygen produced by hydrogen escape,\u201d Krissansen-Totton said.<\/p>\n<p>A third scenario examined planets containing more carbon dioxide than Earth, leading to a runaway greenhouse effect. Temperatures on these worlds would remain too high for <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thecosmiccompanion.net\/what-is-the-origin-of-water-on-planets\/\">water<\/a> to ever condense out of the atmosphere, driving up oxygen levels on worlds too hot to sustain life.<\/p>\n<p>Examining geological and chemical processes on exoplanets shows how alien worlds could hold on to large quantities of oxygen without life. And, how <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thecosmiccompanion.net\/how-the-james-webb-space-telescope-will-see-oxygen-in-alien-atmospheres\/\">a new generation of telescopes<\/a> could discover life on distant exoplanets with oxygen.<\/p>\n<p><em>This article was originally published on<span>\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thecosmiccompanion.net\/\">The Cosmic Companion<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>by James Maynard, founder and publisher of The Cosmic Companion. He is a New England native turned desert rat in Tucson, where he lives with his lovely wife, Nicole, and<span>\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.maxonmarscomic.com\/\">Max the Cat<\/a>. You can read this original piece<span>\u00a0<\/span><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/medium.com\/the-cosmic-companion\/do-exoplanets-with-oxygen-mean-alien-life-not-so-fast-dead576511aa\">here<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><script data-src=\"https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/sdk.js#xfbml=1&amp;appId=378011798897423&amp;version=v2.6\" id=\"socialSrcFacebook\" type=\"text\/template\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMLG0nwswvr63Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more like this article, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/technology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Technology category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/news\/yes-exoplanets-can-have-oxygen-without-alien-life-syndication\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;#Yes, exoplanets can have oxygen without alien life&#8221; The discovery of life on another world would be a monumental moment in the history of human civilization. The most likely way we will, one day, find alien life will be discovering chemical markers of life in the atmosphere of planets orbiting distant stars. One of these&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":231193,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/img-cdn.tnwcdn.com\/image\/tnw?filter_last=1&fit=1280,640&url=https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/04\/Oxygen-and-water-rich-exoplanet.jpg&signature=82b70ce278f63d4e63d80ebd47e94b02","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-231192","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/231192","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=231192"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/231192\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/231193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=231192"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=231192"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=231192"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}