{"id":256244,"date":"2021-05-21T19:32:15","date_gmt":"2021-05-21T16:32:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/how-human-cells-and-pathogenic-shigella-engage-in-battle\/"},"modified":"2021-05-21T19:32:15","modified_gmt":"2021-05-21T16:32:15","slug":"how-human-cells-and-pathogenic-shigella-engage-in-battle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-human-cells-and-pathogenic-shigella-engage-in-battle\/","title":{"rendered":"#How human cells and pathogenic shigella engage in battle"},"content":{"rendered":"

“#How human cells and pathogenic shigella engage in battle<\/strong>”<\/p>\n

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\"How
\n A new study finds that gasdermin B (GSDMB) pokes holes in bacterial membranes containing cardiolipin as a novel immune defense strategy. Shown are pictures of GSDMB pores embedded in synthetic bacterial membranes. The inset image shows a purified GSDMB pore. Credit: Justin M. Hansen
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One member of a large protein family that is known to stop the spread of bacterial infections by prompting infected human cells to self-destruct app<\/a>ears to kill the infectious bacteria instead, a new study led by UT Southwestern scientists shows. However, some bacteria have their own mechanism to thwart this attack, nullifying the deadly protein by tagging it for destruction.<\/p>\n


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The findings, published online today in Cell<\/i>, could lead to new antibiotics to fight bacterial infections. And insight into this cellular conflict could shed light on a number of other conditions in which this protein is involved, including asthma, Type 1 diabetes, primary biliary cirrhosis, and Crohn’s disease.<\/p>\n

“This is a wonderful example of an arms race between infectious bacteria and human cells,” says study leader Neal M. Alto, Ph.D., professor of microbiology at UTSW and a member of the Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center.<\/p>\n

Previous research has shown that the protein, called gasdermin B (GSDMB), was different from other members of the mammalian gasdermin family. Related gasdermin proteins form pores in the membranes of infected cells, killing them while allowing inflammatory molecules to leak out and incite an immune response. However, GSDMB\u2014found in humans but not in some other mammalian species, including rodents\u2014doesn’t form pores in the membranes of cultured mammalian cells, leaving its target a mystery.<\/p>\n

Using a novel screening technology<\/a>, Alto and colleagues discovered that a protein toxin called IpaH7.8 from shigella flexneri, a bacterium that causes diarrheal disease, directly inhibits GSDMB. Biochemical experiments show that IpaH7.8 places a chemical tag on GSDMB that marks it for cellular destruction.<\/p>\n

To understand why shigella flexneri rids human cells of GSDMB, the researchers placed GSDMB within synthetic mammalian and bacterial cell membranes. While GSDMB left the synthetic mammalian membranes unharmed, it poked holes in the bacterial membranes. Further investigation showed that immune cells called natural killer cells stimulate this process.<\/p>\n

Alto notes that inhibiting the ability of shigella IpaH7.8 to counteract GSDMB could lead to new types of antibiotics. And because genetic variants of GSDMB have been linked to a variety of inflammatory diseases and cancer, better understanding this protein could lead to new treatments for these conditions too.<\/p>\n\n

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Protein remodels intracellular membrane to help Legionella bacteria survive in host cells\n <\/p><\/div>\n

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\n More information:<\/strong>
\n Justin M. Hansen et al, Pathogenic ubiquitination of GSDMB inhibits NK cell bactericidal functions, Cell<\/i> (2021). DOI: 10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.036<\/a><\/p>\n
\n Journal information:<\/strong>
\n Cell<\/cite>
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\n Provided by
\n UT Southwestern Medical Center
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Citation<\/strong>:
\n How human cells and pathogenic shigella engage in battle (2021, May 21)
\n retrieved 22 May 2021
\n from https:\/\/phys.org\/news<\/a>\/2021-05-human-cells-pathogenic-shigella-engage.html<\/p>\n

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\n part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n