{"id":287928,"date":"2021-06-30T16:11:28","date_gmt":"2021-06-30T13:11:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/the-world-needs-a-unified-approach-to-dealing-with-cyberattacks\/"},"modified":"2021-06-30T16:11:28","modified_gmt":"2021-06-30T13:11:28","slug":"the-world-needs-a-unified-approach-to-dealing-with-cyberattacks","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/the-world-needs-a-unified-approach-to-dealing-with-cyberattacks\/","title":{"rendered":"#The world needs a unified approach to dealing with cyberattacks"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2879d93ef68\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2879d93ef68\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/the-world-needs-a-unified-approach-to-dealing-with-cyberattacks\/#Cyberattack_losses\" >Cyberattack losses<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/the-world-needs-a-unified-approach-to-dealing-with-cyberattacks\/#Treaty_challenges\" >Treaty challenges<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/the-world-needs-a-unified-approach-to-dealing-with-cyberattacks\/#Protecting_against_attacks\" >Protecting against attacks<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>&#8220;<strong>#The world needs a unified <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>roach to dealing with cyberattacks<\/strong>&#8221;<\/p>\n<div>Cyber-warfare consists of co-ordinated <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/43995904\">attacks of mass disruption (AMD)<\/a>. In the June summit between U.S. and Russian presidents Joe Biden and Vladimir Putin, cyber-warfare was a topic of discussion. While the Biden-Putin summit appears to be \u201c<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/politics\/2021\/06\/16\/biden-putin-live-updates\/\">quite constructive<\/a>,\u201d cyberwarfare remains perplexing to politicians.<\/p>\n<p>Attacks of mass disruption are similar to the latest ransomware attacks on <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-colonial-pipeline-ransomware-attack-and-the-solarwinds-hack-were-all-but-inevitable-why-national-cyber-defense-is-a-wicked-problem-160661\">SolarWinds and <\/a>Colonial Pipeline \u2014 imagine several co-ordinated similar attacks. For the time being, organizations should prepare for increasing disruptions and data losses caused by ransomware.<\/p>\n<p>Attacks of mass disruption may not cause massive casualties, but nations could lose their ability to function and respond to adversaries, economies can be crippled and governments may be undermined. The <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/2016\/03\/inside-cunning-unprecedented-hack-ukraines-power-grid\/\">2015 cyberattack on Ukraine<\/a> presented a scenario of grounding a nation using a well co-ordinated <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/7752958\">cyberattack<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tej.2017.02.006\">lessons are clear<\/a> \u2014 the impact of cyberattacks is too serious to ignore and pre-planned contingencies may be the only thing that works to address them.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cyberattack_losses\"><\/span>Cyberattack losses<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In 2020, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ibm.com\/security\/digital-assets\/cost-data-breach-report\/#\/\">IBM estimated US$1.5 billion losses in known observed cyberattacks<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Over the past two decades, two factors have contributed to the possibility of cyberwarfare. First is the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2019\/10\/28\/5-leading-concerns-about-the-future-of-digital-life\/\">increased reliance<\/a> on digital infrastructure and systems. Second is the continuous <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/growth-in-data-breaches-shows-need-for-government-regulations-127600\">increase in damages<\/a> inflicted by criminal or state-based cyberattacks.<\/p>\n<p>These provide sufficient justification for experts to <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dni.gov\/files\/PE\/Documents\/6---2017-AEP_The-Future-of-Ransomware-and-Social-Engineering.pdf\">sound the alarm<\/a><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.belfercenter.org\/publication\/strategic-advantage-why-america-should-care-about-cybersecurity\">on cybersecurity<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Other factors increase the risks even more. The complexity of the modern economy and its supply chains create an environment of highly impactful disruptions. Attacks of mass disruption on seemingly irrelevant but well-selected entities \u2014 like infrastructure companies \u2014 could trigger a domino effect that causes disruptions and economic losses far beyond the scale of the target.<\/p>\n<p>Russia used U.S. cyberinfrastructure to <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cfr.org\/backgrounder\/russia-trump-and-2016-us-election\">influence the 2016 election<\/a>. In May 2021, there were attacks on <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.csoonline.com\/article\/3601508\/solarwinds-supply-chain-attack-explained-why-organizations-were-not-prepared.html\">software developer SolarWinds Inc.<\/a>, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2021-06-04\/hackers-breached-colonial-pipeline-using-compromised-password\">oil infrastructure company Colonial Pipeline,<\/a> and <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-us-canada-57318965\">JBS, the world\u2019s largest meat supplier<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Currently, most cyberattacks originating from Russia use known tactics like email phishing, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cisa.gov\/ransomware-alerts-and-tips\">ransomware-as-a-service<\/a>, and poor password practices.<\/p>\n<figure><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Why Ransomware Attacks Are on the Rise and How the U.S. Can Fight Them | WSJ\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Xes6ZgV1Iww?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">The Wall Street Journal looks at how the U.S. can protect itself against cyberattacks.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<h2\/><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Treaty_challenges\"><\/span>\n<h2>Treaty challenges<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/csrc.nist.gov\/glossary\/term\/zero_day_attack\">zero-day vulnerability<\/a> occurs the first time the vulnerability is exploited, like when the malicious program Stuxnet was <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9390103\">successfully used as a digital \u201cdirty bomb\u201d to curb Iranian nuclear ambition<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The U.S. is known to exploit hardware vulnerabilities through highly sophisticated, maintaining the upper hand in the ability to perform silent attacks.<\/p>\n<p>Calls to bring governments together to <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wilsoncenter.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media\/documents\/publication\/arms_control_in_cyberspace.pdf\">sign a treaty similar to other arms-control treaties<\/a> have mounted lately. To address the complexities of cyberwarfare, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.belfercenter.org\/publication\/world-needs-arms-control-treaty-cybersecurity\">political scientist Joseph Nye<\/a> and <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/opinions\/the-world-needs-an-arms-control-treaty-for-cybersecurity\/2015\/10\/01\/20c3e970-66dd-11e5-9223-70cb36460919_story.html\">others have proposed a nuclear-like treaty<\/a>, in particular, due to the ability of nuclear treaties to precisely spell out details.<\/p>\n<p>Most efforts to control attacks of mass disruption have either led to <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/thediplomat.com\/2018\/08\/did-the-obama-xi-cyber-agreement-work\/\">limited scope agreements<\/a> or completely fallen apart before they were signed.<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, cyberattacks do not use observable weapons that can be monitored for compliance. Further, the fine line between criminal and state-based attacks could be hard to distinguish. An attack on a gas pipeline or a meat-packing facility may appear criminal but can trigger serious chain events beyond the im<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/social-mediaa\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"1\" title=\"Social Media\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">media<\/a>te targets.<\/p>\n<p>The rapid technological changes and advances in cyberattacks make it hard to predict the strategies of future attacks of mass disruption in order to address them in a treaty.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Protecting_against_attacks\"><\/span>Protecting against attacks<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Most attacks of mass disruption exploit vulnerabilities that are easy to fix by maintaining <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nist.gov\/blogs\/taking-measure\/identify-protect-detect-respond-and-recover-nist-cybersecurity-framework\">normal digital hygiene<\/a> and a vigilant attitude to email phishing and password management.<\/p>\n<p>Organizations need to get serious about those practices because, like COVID-19, vigilant proactive precautions can lessen the problem to a great extent.<\/p>\n<p>Protective measures can be imposed through national legislation. A national debate is required to develop consensus on the level of government intervention and the levels of protection for different data types. This should result in a call for strong legislation forcing organizations to maintain high levels of security like off-site backups and <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.europeanleadershipnetwork.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Cyber-arms-control.pdf\">other protective measures<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Deep vulnerabilities embedded deep into hardware and operating systems, on the other hand, cannot be mitigated by normal digital hygiene. The U.S. has the upper hand on those vulnerabilities, hence, the cybersecurity arms balance is tilted in favour of the U.S.<\/p>\n<p>Historically, nations do not settle arms race until a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/mutual-assured-destruction\">mutual assured destruction situation<\/a> presents itself. Russian cyberattacks could be viewed as an attempt to reach this point. Until we get <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.state.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/T-paper-series-Cybersecurity-Format-508.pdf\">closer to the mutual assured destruction point<\/a>, do not expect an international treaty anytime soon. Instead, expect more cyberattacks and data losses. Organizations and governments need to get serious and buckle up \u2014 it\u2019s going to be a rough ride.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important;margin: 0 !important;max-height: 1px !important;max-width: 1px !important;min-height: 1px !important;min-width: 1px !important;padding: 0 !important\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/162219\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\"\/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" style=\"border: none !important;margin: 0 !important;max-height: 1px !important;max-width: 1px !important;min-height: 1px !important;min-width: 1px !important;padding: 0 !important\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/162219\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"\" srcset=\"\"\/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Article by <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/yasser-morgan-1237538\">Yasser Morgan<\/a>, Professor, Engineering, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-regina-3498\">University of Regina<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>This article is republished from <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/with-cyberattacks-growing-more-frequent-and-disruptive-a-unified-approach-is-essential-162219\">original article<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. 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In the June summit between U.S. and Russian presidents Joe Biden and Vladimir Putin, cyber-warfare was a topic of discussion. While the Biden-Putin summit appears to be \u201cquite constructive,\u201d cyberwarfare remains perplexing to politicians. Attacks of&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":287929,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/img-cdn.tnwcdn.com\/image\/tnw?filter_last=1&fit=1280,640&url=https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/05\/Cyber-security-hed-shutterstock_1253457802-copy.jpg&signature=bcc61fbf660f4fd54faaf2a25ce29585","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-287928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/287928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=287928"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/287928\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/287929"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=287928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=287928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=287928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}