{"id":335817,"date":"2021-09-07T12:27:50","date_gmt":"2021-09-07T09:27:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/here-are-five-of-them\/"},"modified":"2021-09-07T12:27:50","modified_gmt":"2021-09-07T09:27:50","slug":"here-are-five-of-them","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/here-are-five-of-them\/","title":{"rendered":"#here are five of them"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a27199fc8f65\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a27199fc8f65\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/here-are-five-of-them\/#The_grandest_canyon\" >The grandest canyon<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/here-are-five-of-them\/#Venus_fold_mountains\" >Venus\u2019 fold mountains<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/here-are-five-of-them\/#Blasted_Mercury\" >Blasted Mercury<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/here-are-five-of-them\/#The_tallest_cliff\" >The tallest cliff?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/here-are-five-of-them\/#Titans_drowned_coastline\" >Titan\u2019s drowned coastline<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>&#8220;<strong>#here are five of them<\/strong>&#8221;<\/p>\n<div>When we talk about amazing geological features, we often limit ourselves to those on Earth. But as a geologist, I think that\u2019s crazy \u2013 there are so many structures on other worlds that can excite and inspire, and that can put processes on our own planet into perspective.<\/p>\n<p>Here, in no particular order, are the five geological structures in the solar system (excluding Earth) that most impress me.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_grandest_canyon\"><\/span>The grandest canyon<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>I left out the solar system\u2019s biggest volcano, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/monster-volcanoes-on-mars-how-space-rocks-are-helping-us-solve-their-mysteries-85045\">Olympus Mons<\/a> on Mars, so I could include that planet\u2019s most spectacular canyon, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.space.com\/20446-valles-marineris.html\">Valles Marineris<\/a>. Being 3,000km long, hundreds of kilometers wide, and up to eight kilometers deep, this is best seen from space. If you were lucky enough to stand on one rim, the opposite rim would be way beyond the horizon.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416017\/original\/file-20210813-17-1pochz0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Image of Marineris seen in a colour-coded topographic view.\" width=\"600\" height=\"191\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416017\/original\/file-20210813-17-1pochz0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"\/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416017\/original\/file-20210813-17-1pochz0.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"Image of Marineris seen in a colour-coded topographic view.\" width=\"600\" height=\"191\" class=\"\" srcset=\"\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fspace%2F2021%2F09%2F07%2Fspectacular-geological-structures-here-syndication%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Valles Marineris seen in a colour-coded topographic view as if from 5,000 km above the surface (left), and imaged by the High Resolution Stereo Camera on Esa\u2019s Mars Express (right). Google Earth and NASA\/USGS\/ESA\/DLR\/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)\" data-title=\"Share Valles Marineris seen in a colour-coded topographic view as if from 5,000 km above the surface (left), and imaged by the High Resolution Stereo Camera on Esa\u2019s Mars Express (right). Google Earth and NASA\/USGS\/ESA\/DLR\/FU Berlin (G. Neukum) on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Valles Marineris seen in a colour-coded topographic view as if from 5,000 km above the surface (left), and imaged by the High Resolution Stereo Camera on Esa\u2019s Mars Express (right). Google Earth and NASA\/USGS\/ESA\/DLR\/FU Berlin (G. Neukum) on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>Valles Marineris seen in a colour-coded topographic view as if from 5,000 km above the surface (left), and imaged by the High Resolution Stereo Camera on Esa\u2019s Mars Express (right). Google Earth and NASA\/USGS\/ESA\/DLR\/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u00a0<figcaption\/><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>It was probably initiated by fracturing when an adjacent volcanic region (called <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/astronomynow.com\/tag\/tharsis-volcanic-dome\/\">Tharsis<\/a>) began to bulge upwards but was widened and deepened by a <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/watch-movies-tv-seriess\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"8\" title=\"Watch Movies &amp; TV Series\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">series<\/a> of catastrophic floods that climaxed more than 3 billion years ago.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Venus_fold_mountains\"><\/span>Venus\u2019 fold mountains<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>We are going to learn a lot more about Venus in the 2030s when <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/nasa-has-announced-two-missions-to-venus-by-2030-heres-why-thats-exciting-162133\">two NASA missions<\/a> and <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Science_Exploration\/Space_Science\/ESA_selects_revolutionary_Venus_mission_EnVision\">one from ESA (European Space Agency)<\/a> arrive. Venus is nearly the same size, mass, and density as the Earth, causing <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/venus-has-very-few-volcanoes-weirdly-this-might-be-why-its-as-hot-as-hell-78363\">geologists to puzzle<\/a> over why it lacks Earth-style plate tectonics and why (or indeed whether) it has comparatively little active volcanism. How does the planet get its heat out?<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<p><figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416030\/original\/file-20210813-25-ofb1wa.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Image of the fold mountains on Venus.\" width=\"600\" height=\"438\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416030\/original\/file-20210813-25-ofb1wa.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"\/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416030\/original\/file-20210813-25-ofb1wa.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"Image of the fold mountains on Venus.\" width=\"600\" height=\"438\" class=\"\" srcset=\"\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fspace%2F2021%2F09%2F07%2Fspectacular-geological-structures-here-syndication%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Fold mountains in Ovda Regio, Venus. The insert is a similar view of part of the Applachians in central Pennsylvania. NASA\/JPL\" data-title=\"Share Fold mountains in Ovda Regio, Venus. The insert is a similar view of part of the Applachians in central Pennsylvania. NASA\/JPL on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Fold mountains in Ovda Regio, Venus. The insert is a similar view of part of the Applachians in central Pennsylvania. NASA\/JPL on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>Fold mountains in Ovda Regio, Venus. The insert is a similar view of part of the <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">App<\/a>lachians in central Pennsylvania. NASA\/JPL<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>I find it reassuring that at least some aspects of Venus\u2019 geology look familiar. For example, the northern margin of the highlands named <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.jpl.nasa.gov\/images\/venus-ovda-regio\">Ovda Regio<\/a> looks strikingly similar, apart from the lack of rivers cutting through the eroded, fold-like pattern, to \u201cfold mountains\u201d on Earth such as the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.org\/encyclopedia\/fold-mountain\/\">Appalachians<\/a>, which are the result of a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.org\/encyclopedia\/fold-mountain\/\">collision between continents<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Blasted_Mercury\"><\/span>Blasted Mercury<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>I\u2019m cheating a little with my next example because it is both one of the solar system\u2019s largest impact basins and an explosive volcano within it. Mercury\u2019s 1,550km diameter <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/solarsystem.nasa.gov\/resources\/2266\/mercurys-caloris-basin\/\">Caloris basin<\/a> was formed by a major asteroid impact about 3.5 billion years ago, and soon after that its floor was flooded by lavas.<\/p>\n<p>Sometime later, a series of explosive eruptions blasted kilometers-deep holes through the solidified lavas near the edge of the basin where the lava cap was thinnest. These sprayed volcanic ash particles out over a range of tens of kilometers. One such deposit, named Agwo Facula, surrounds the explosive vent that I have chosen as my example.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<p><figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416045\/original\/file-20210813-13-osbbma.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Images of Mercury's Caloris basin.\" width=\"600\" height=\"298\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416045\/original\/file-20210813-13-osbbma.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"\/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416045\/original\/file-20210813-13-osbbma.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"Images of Mercury's Caloris basin.\" width=\"600\" height=\"298\" class=\"\" srcset=\"\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fspace%2F2021%2F09%2F07%2Fspectacular-geological-structures-here-syndication%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Right: most of Mercury\u2019s Caloris basin, its floor covered by dull, orange lava. Brighter orange patches are remnants of explosive eruptions. Lower left: close-up inside the red box of an explosive volcanic deposit. Upper left: details of the vent interior. NASA\/JHUAPL\/CIW\" data-title=\"Share Right: most of Mercury\u2019s Caloris basin, its floor covered by dull, orange lava. Brighter orange patches are remnants of explosive eruptions. Lower left: close-up inside the red box of an explosive volcanic deposit. Upper left: details of the vent interior. NASA\/JHUAPL\/CIW on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Right: most of Mercury\u2019s Caloris basin, its floor covered by dull, orange lava. Brighter orange patches are remnants of explosive eruptions. Lower left: close-up inside the red box of an explosive volcanic deposit. Upper left: details of the vent interior. NASA\/JHUAPL\/CIW on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>Right: most of Mercury\u2019s Caloris basin, its floor covered by dull, orange lava. Brighter orange patches are remnants of explosive eruptions. Lower left: close-up inside the red box of an explosive volcanic deposit. Upper left: details of the vent interior. NASA\/JHUAPL\/CIW<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>Explosive eruptions are driven by the force of expanding gas, and are a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/mysterious-red-spots-on-mercury-get-names-but-what-are-they-95114\">surprising find on Mercury<\/a>, whose proximity to the Sun was previously expected to have starved it of such volatile substances \u2013 the heat would have made them boil off. Scientists suspect that there were in fact several explosive eruptions, possibly spaced over a prolonged timescale. This means that gas-forming volatile materials (whose composition will remain uncertain until <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/europe-blasts-off-to-mercury-heres-the-rocket-science-104641\">ESA\u2019s BepiColombo<\/a> mission starts work in 2026) were repeatedly available in Mercury\u2019s magmas.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_tallest_cliff\"><\/span>The tallest cliff?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In soil or vegetation-rich regions on Earth, cliffs offer the largest exposures of clean rock. Although <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/news\/uk-england-dorset-56773648\">dangerous to approach<\/a>, they reveal an uninterrupted cross-section of rock and can be great for fossil hunting. Because geologists love them so much, I give you the seven-kilometers-high <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/spaceplace.nasa.gov\/cliff-jumping\/en\/\">Verona Rupes<\/a>. This is a feature on Uranus\u2019s small moon <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/solarsystem.nasa.gov\/moons\/uranus-moons\/miranda\/in-depth\/\">Miranda<\/a> that is often described as \u201cthe tallest cliff in the solar system\u201d, including on a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/science.nasa.gov\/verona-rupes-tallest-known-cliff-solar-system\">recent NASA website<\/a>. This even goes so far as to remark that if you were careless enough to take a tumble off the top, it would take you 12 minutes to fall to the bottom.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<p><figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/415845\/original\/file-20210812-15866-1l1jbhp.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Images of Verona Rupes.\" width=\"600\" height=\"592\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/415845\/original\/file-20210812-15866-1l1jbhp.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"\/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/415845\/original\/file-20210812-15866-1l1jbhp.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"Images of Verona Rupes.\" width=\"600\" height=\"592\" class=\"\" srcset=\"\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fspace%2F2021%2F09%2F07%2Fspectacular-geological-structures-here-syndication%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Verona Rupes, about 50km long and several km high, but not actually so cliff-like as it appears as seen by Voyager 2 during its 1986 flyby. NASA\/JPL\" data-title=\"Share Verona Rupes, about 50km long and several km high, but not actually so cliff-like as it appears as seen by Voyager 2 during its 1986 flyby. NASA\/JPL on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Verona Rupes, about 50km long and several km high, but not actually so cliff-like as it appears as seen by Voyager 2 during its 1986 flyby. NASA\/JPL on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>Verona Rupes, about 50km long and several km high, but not actually so cliff-like as it appears as seen by Voyager 2 during its 1986 flyby. NASA\/JPL<\/figcaption><\/figure><figcaption\/><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>This is nonsense because Verona Rupes is nowhere near vertical. The only images we have of it are from <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/solarsystem.nasa.gov\/missions\/voyager-2\/in-depth\/\">Voyager 2<\/a>, captured during its 1986 flyby of Uranus. It is undeniably impressive, being almost certainly a geological fault where one block of Miranda\u2019s icy crust (the outermost \u201cshell\u201d of the planet) has moved downwards against the adjacent block.<\/p>\n<p>However, the obliqueness of the view is deceptive, making it impossible to be sure of the face\u2019s steepness \u2013 it probably slopes at less than 45 degrees. If you stumbled at the top, I doubt you\u2019d even slide to the bottom. The face appears to be very smooth in the best, but rather low resolution image that we have, but at Miranda\u2019s -170\u00b0C daytime temperature, water-ice has a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zmescience.com\/science\/ice-slippery-h-bonds-8731058\/\">high friction<\/a> and is not slippery at all.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Titans_drowned_coastline\"><\/span>Titan\u2019s drowned coastline<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>For my final example, I could happily have chosen virtually anywhere on Pluto, but instead, I have opted for a hauntingly Earth-like coastline on Saturn\u2019s largest moon, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/flying-on-saturns-moon-titan-what-we-could-discover-with-nasas-new-dragonfly-mission-119823\">Titan<\/a>. Here, a large depression in Titan\u2019s water-ice \u201cbedrock\u201d hosts a sea of liquid methane named <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2013\/06\/Ligeia_Mare\">Ligeia Mare<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Valleys carved by methane rivers draining into the sea have evidently become flooded as the sea level rose. This complexly indented coastline reminds me strongly of Oman\u2019s <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/travel\/article\/20120323-omans-sleepy-peninsula\">Musandam peninsula<\/a>, on the south side of the Straits of Hormuz. There, the local crust has been warped downwards because of the ongoing collision between Arabian and the Asian mainlands. Has something similar happened on Titan? We don\u2019t know yet, but the way that the coastal geomorphology changes around Ligeia Mare suggests to me that its drowned valleys are more than a straightforward result of rising liquid levels.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<p><figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416316\/original\/file-20210816-28-tx30nn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"Images of Ligeia Mare and The Musandam peninsula side by side.\" width=\"600\" height=\"319\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416316\/original\/file-20210816-28-tx30nn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"\/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/416316\/original\/file-20210816-28-tx30nn.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"Images of Ligeia Mare and The Musandam peninsula side by side.\" width=\"600\" height=\"319\" class=\"\" srcset=\"\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fspace%2F2021%2F09%2F07%2Fspectacular-geological-structures-here-syndication%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Left: Part of Titan\u2019s Ligeia Mare, showing a coastline with valleys drowned by a sea of liquid methane. Right: The Musandam peninsula, Arabia, where coastal valleys are similarly drowned, but by a saltwater sea. NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/ASI\/Cornell and Expedition 63, International Space Station (ISS)\" data-title=\"Share Left: Part of Titan\u2019s Ligeia Mare, showing a coastline with valleys drowned by a sea of liquid methane. Right: The Musandam peninsula, Arabia, where coastal valleys are similarly drowned, but by a saltwater sea. NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/ASI\/Cornell and Expedition 63, International Space Station (ISS) on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Left: Part of Titan\u2019s Ligeia Mare, showing a coastline with valleys drowned by a sea of liquid methane. Right: The Musandam peninsula, Arabia, where coastal valleys are similarly drowned, but by a saltwater sea. NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/ASI\/Cornell and Expedition 63, International Space Station (ISS) on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>Left: Part of Titan\u2019s Ligeia Mare, showing a coastline with valleys drowned by a sea of liquid methane. Right: The Musandam peninsula, Arabia, where coastal valleys are similarly drowned, but by a saltwater sea. NASA\/JPL-Caltech\/ASI\/Cornell and Expedition 63, International Space Station (ISS)<\/figcaption><\/figure><figcaption\/><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>Rock and liquid water on Earth, frigid water-ice, and liquid methane on Titan \u2013 it makes little difference. Their mutual interactions are the same, and so we see geology repeating itself on different worlds.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: none !important;margin: 0 !important;max-height: 1px !important;max-width: 1px !important;min-height: 1px !important;min-width: 1px !important;padding: 0 !important\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/166046\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\"\/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: none !important;margin: 0 !important;max-height: 1px !important;max-width: 1px !important;min-height: 1px !important;min-width: 1px !important;padding: 0 !important\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/166046\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"\" srcset=\"\"\/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em>Article by <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/david-rothery-121323\">David Rothery<\/a>, Professor of Planetary Geo<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/sciencee\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"5\" title=\"Science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">science<\/a>s, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/the-open-university-748\">The Open University<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>This article is republished from <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-five-most-impressive-geological-structures-in-the-solar-system-166046\">original article<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMLG0nwswvr63Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more like this article, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/technology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Technology category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/news\/spectacular-geological-structures-here-syndication\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;#here are five of them&#8221; When we talk about amazing geological features, we often limit ourselves to those on Earth. But as a geologist, I think that\u2019s crazy \u2013 there are so many structures on other worlds that can excite and inspire, and that can put processes on our own planet into perspective. Here, in&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":335818,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/img-cdn.tnwcdn.com\/image\/tnw?filter_last=1&fit=1280,640&url=https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2021\/09\/NASAHed.jpg&signature=4efc7c9246c05f4329ead8d59aad4253","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-335817","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/335817","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=335817"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/335817\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/335818"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=335817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=335817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=335817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}