{"id":427839,"date":"2022-04-06T15:23:20","date_gmt":"2022-04-06T12:23:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/nuclear-fusion-just-made-a-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation\/"},"modified":"2022-04-06T15:23:20","modified_gmt":"2022-04-06T12:23:20","slug":"nuclear-fusion-just-made-a-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/nuclear-fusion-just-made-a-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation\/","title":{"rendered":"#Nuclear fusion just made a massive leap towards energy generation"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a34941375dd1\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a34941375dd1\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/nuclear-fusion-just-made-a-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation\/#%E2%80%9CNuclear_fusion_just_made_a_massive_leap_towards_energy_generation%E2%80%9D\" >&#8220;Nuclear fusion just made a massive leap towards energy generation&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/nuclear-fusion-just-made-a-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation\/#Fusing_particles_together\" >Fusing particles together<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/nuclear-fusion-just-made-a-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation\/#The_walls_are_important\" >The walls are important<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/nuclear-fusion-just-made-a-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation\/#The_next_fusion_reactors\" >The next fusion reactors<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CNuclear_fusion_just_made_a_massive_leap_towards_energy_generation%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;Nuclear fusion just made a massive leap towards energy generation&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<div>\n                            Scientists at a laboratory in England have shattered the record for the amount of energy produced during a controlled, sustained fusion reaction. The production of <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/ccfe.ukaea.uk\/fusion-energy-record-demonstrates-powerplant-future\/\">59 megajoules of energy over five seconds<\/a> at the Joint European Torus \u2013 or JET \u2013 experiment in England has been <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/science-environment-60312633\">called \u201ca breakthrough\u201d by some news outlets<\/a> and caused quite a lot of excitement among physicists. But a common line regarding fusion electricity production is that it is \u201c<a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.discovermagazine.com\/technology\/why-nuclear-fusion-is-always-30-years-away\">always 20 years away<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>We are a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=-d-oklMAAAAJ&amp;hl=en&amp;oi=ao\">nuclear physicist<\/a> and a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/scholar.google.com\/citations?user=Qsmx1roAAAAJ&amp;hl=en&amp;oi=ao\">nuclear engineer<\/a> who study how to develop controlled nuclear fusion for the purpose of generating electricity.<\/p>\n<p>The JET result demonstrates remarkable advancements in the understanding of the physics of fusion. But just as importantly, it shows that the new materials used to construct the inner walls of the fusion reactor worked as intended. The fact that the new wall construction performed as well as it did is what separates these results from previous milestones and elevates magnetic fusion from a dream toward a reality.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" alt=\"A diagram showing two particles fusing together and the resultant products.\" width=\"600\" height=\"720\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=720&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=720&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=720&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=905&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=905&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=905&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"A diagram showing two particles fusing together and the resultant products.\" width=\"600\" height=\"720\" class=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=720&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=720&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=720&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=905&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=905&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455632\/original\/file-20220331-15-lwe1fe.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=905&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fscience%2F2022%2F04%2F06%2Fnuclear-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Fusion reactors smash two forms of hydrogen together (top) so that they fuse, producing helium and a high energy electron (bottom). Wykis\/WikimediaCommons\" data-title=\"Share Fusion reactors smash two forms of hydrogen together (top) so that they fuse, producing helium and a high energy electron (bottom). Wykis\/WikimediaCommons on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Fusion reactors smash two forms of hydrogen together (top) so that they fuse, producing helium and a high energy electron (bottom). Wykis\/WikimediaCommons on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>Fusion reactors smash two forms of hydrogen together (top) so that they fuse, producing helium and a high energy electron (bottom). <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:Deuterium-tritium_fusion.svg#\/media\/File:Deuterium-tritium_fusion.svg\">Wykis\/WikimediaCommons<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><figcaption><span class=\"attribution\"\/><\/figcaption><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Fusing_particles_together\"><\/span>Fusing particles together<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nuclear fusion is the merging of two atomic nuclei into one compound nucleus. This nucleus then breaks apart and releases energy in the form of new atoms and particles that speed away from the reaction. A fusion power plant would capture the escaping particles and use their energy to generate electricity.<\/p>\n<p>There are a few <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/usfusionenergy.org\/approaches-fusion\">different ways to safely control fusion on Earth<\/a>. Our research focuses on the <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>roach taken by JET \u2013 using <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/sci\/whatisfusion\">powerful magnetic fields to confine atoms<\/a> until they are heated to a high enough temperature for them to fuse.<\/p>\n<p>The fuel for current and future reactors are two different isotopes of hydrogen \u2013 meaning they have the one proton, but different numbers of neutrons \u2013 called <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.energy.gov\/science\/doe-explainsdeuterium-tritium-fusion-reactor-fuel\">deuterium and tritium<\/a>. Normal hydrogen has one proton and no neutrons in its nucleus. Deuterium has one proton and one neutron while tritium has one proton and two neutrons.<\/p>\n<p>For a fusion reaction to be successful, the fuel atoms must first become so hot that the electrons break free from the nuclei. This creates plasma \u2013 a collection of positive ions and electrons. You then need to keep heating that plasma until it reaches a temperature over 200 million degrees Fahrenheit (100 million Celsius). This plasma must then be kept in a confined space at high densities for a long enough period of time for the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euro-fusion.org\/fusion\/fusion-conditions\/\">fuel atoms to collide into each other and fuse together<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>To control fusion on Earth, researchers developed donut-shaped devices \u2013 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/mach\/Tokamak\">called tokamaks<\/a> \u2013 which use magnetic fields to contain the plasma. Magnetic field lines wrapping around the inside of the donut act like <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/mach\/Tokamak\">train tracks that the ions and electrons follow<\/a>. By injecting energy into the plasma and heating it up, it is possible to accelerate the fuel particles to such high speeds that when they collide, instead of bouncing off each other, the fuel nuclei fuse together. When this happens, they release energy, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/sci\/makingitwork\">primarily in the form of fast-moving neutrons<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>During the fusion process, fuel particles gradually drift away from the hot, dense core and eventually collide with the inner wall of the fusion vessel. To prevent the walls from degrading due to these collisions \u2013 which in turn also contaminates the fusion fuel \u2013 reactors are built so that they channel the wayward particles toward a heavily armored chamber called the divertor. This pumps out the diverted particles and removes any excess heat to protect the tokamak.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\">\n<figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" alt=\"A large, complicated machine of pipes and electronics.\" width=\"600\" height=\"471\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=471&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=471&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=471&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=592&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=592&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=592&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"A large, complicated machine of pipes and electronics.\" width=\"600\" height=\"471\" class=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=471&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=471&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=471&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=592&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=592&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455633\/original\/file-20220331-15-omia10.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=592&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fscience%2F2022%2F04%2F06%2Fnuclear-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: The JET magnetic fusion experiment is the largest tokamak in the world. EFDA JET\/WikimediaCommons\" data-title=\"Share The JET magnetic fusion experiment is the largest tokamak in the world. EFDA JET\/WikimediaCommons on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share The JET magnetic fusion experiment is the largest tokamak in the world. EFDA JET\/WikimediaCommons on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>The JET magnetic fusion experiment is the largest tokamak in the world. EFDA <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/commons.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/File:The_JET_magnetic_fusion_experiment_in_1991.jpg#\/media\/File:The_JET_magnetic_fusion_experiment_in_1991.jpg\">JET\/WikimediaCommons<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_walls_are_important\"><\/span>The walls are important<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>A major limitation of past reactors has been the fact that divertors can\u2019t survive the constant particle bombardment for more than a few seconds. To make fusion power work commercially, engineers need to build a tokamak vessel that will survive for years of use under the conditions necessary for fusion.<\/p>\n<p>The divertor wall is the first consideration. Though the fuel particles are much cooler when they reach the divertor, they still have enough energy to <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fz-juelich.de\/iek\/iek-4\/EN\/Research\/01_Plasma-Wall_Interaction\/_node.html;jsessionid=EF82D54C35881E2A9BC621B743370E4E\">knock atoms loose from the wall material of the divertor when they collide with it<\/a>. Previously, JET\u2019s divertor had a wall made of graphite, but <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fz-juelich.de\/iek\/iek-4\/EN\/Research\/03_Plasma-facing_materials\/_node.html;jsessionid=EF82D54C35881E2A9BC621B743370E4E\">graphite absorbs and traps too much of the fuel for practical use<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Around 2011, engineers at JET upgraded the divertor and inner vessel walls to tungsten. Tungsten was chosen in part because it has the highest melting point of any metal \u2013 an extremely important trait when the divertor is likely to experience heat loads nearly <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/mach\/Divertor\">10 times higher than the nose cone of a space shuttle<\/a> reentering the Earth\u2019s atmosphere. The inner vessel wall of the tokamak was upgraded from graphite to beryllium. Beryllium has excellent thermal and mechanical properties for a fusion reactor \u2013 it <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/mach\/blanket\">absorbs less fuel than graphite but can still withstand the high temperatures<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The energy JET produced was what made the headlines, but we\u2019d argue it is in fact the use of the new wall materials which make the experiment truly impressive because future devices will need these more robust walls to operate at high power for even longer periods of time. JET is a successful proof of concept for how to build the next generation of fusion reactors.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\"><figcaption>\n<figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"A drawing of a reactor with many rooms surrounding it.\" width=\"754\" height=\"369\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455635\/original\/file-20220331-27-phj55s.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\"\/><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fscience%2F2022%2F04%2F06%2Fnuclear-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: The ITER fusion reactor, seen here in a diagram, is going to incorporate the lessons of JET, but at a much bigger and more powerful scale. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ITER Tokamak and Plant Systems\/WikimediaCommons\" data-title=\"Share The ITER fusion reactor, seen here in a diagram, is going to incorporate the lessons of JET, but at a much bigger and more powerful scale. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ITER Tokamak and Plant Systems\/WikimediaCommons on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share The ITER fusion reactor, seen here in a diagram, is going to incorporate the lessons of JET, but at a much bigger and more powerful scale. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, ITER Tokamak and Plant Systems\/WikimediaCommons on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>The ITER fusion reactor, seen here in a diagram, is going to incorporate the lessons of JET, but at a much bigger and more powerful scale. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ITER#\/media\/File:ITER_Tokamak_and_Plant_Systems_(2016)_(41783636452).jpg\">Oak Ridge National Laboratory<\/a>, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/ITER#\/media\/File:ITER_Tokamak_and_Plant_Systems_(2016)_(41783636452).jpg\">ITER Tokamak and Plant Systems<\/a>\/Wiki<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/social-mediaa\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"1\" title=\"Social Media\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">media<\/a>Commons<\/figcaption><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/455635\/original\/file-20220331-27-phj55s.jpg?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"A drawing of a reactor with many rooms surrounding it.\" width=\"754\" height=\"369\" class=\"\" srcset=\"\"\/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_next_fusion_reactors\"><\/span>The next fusion reactors<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The JET tokamak is the largest and most advanced magnetic fusion reactor currently operating. But the next generation of reactors is already in the works, most notably <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/\">the ITER experiment<\/a>, set to begin operations in 2027. ITER \u2013 which is Latin for \u201cthe way\u201d \u2013 is under construction in France and funded and directed by an international organization that includes the U.S.<\/p>\n<p>ITER is going to put to use many of the material advances JET showed to be viable. But there are also some key differences. First, ITER is massive. The fusion chamber is <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/mach\/vacuumvessel\">37 feet (11.4 meters) tall and 63 feet (19.4 meters) around<\/a> \u2013 more than eight times larger than JET. In addition, ITER will utilize superconducting magnets capable of producing <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/mach\/Magnets\">stronger magnetic fields for longer periods of time<\/a> compared to JET\u2019s magnets. With these upgrades, ITER is expected to smash JET\u2019s fusion records \u2013 both for energy output and how long the reaction will run.<\/p>\n<p>ITER is also expected to do something central to the idea of a fusion powerplant: produce more energy than it takes to heat the fuel. Models predict that ITER will produce around 500 megawatts of power continuously for 400 seconds while only consuming 50 MW of energy to heat the fuel. This mean the reactor <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iter.org\/sci\/Goals\">produced 10 times more energy than it consumed<\/a> \u2013 a huge improvement over JET, which required <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.popularmechanics.com\/science\/energy\/a39107836\/nuclear-fusion-energy-record\/\">roughly three times more energy to heat the fuel than it produced<\/a> for its recent <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-022-00391-1\">59 megajoule record<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>JET\u2019s recent record has shown that years of research in plasma physics and materials <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/sciencee\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"5\" title=\"Science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">science<\/a> have paid off and brought scientists to the doorstep of harnessing fusion for power generation. ITER will provide an enormous leap forward toward the goal of industrial scale fusion power plants.<\/p>\n<p><em>Article by <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/david-donovan-1327665\">David Donovan<\/a>, Associate Professor of Nuclear Engineering, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-tennessee-688\">University of Tennessee<\/a> and <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/livia-casali-1321931\">Livia Casali<\/a>, Assistant Professor of Nuclear Engineering, Zinkle Faculty Fellow, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-tennessee-688\">University of Tennessee<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>This article is republished from <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/nuclear-fusion-hit-a-milestone-thanks-to-better-reactor-walls-this-engineering-advance-is-building-toward-reactors-of-the-future-178870\">original article<\/a>.<\/em>\n                        <\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMLG0nwswvr63Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more like this article, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/technology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Technology category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/news\/nuclear-massive-leap-towards-energy-generation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Nuclear fusion just made a massive leap towards energy generation&#8221; Scientists at a laboratory in England have shattered the record for the amount of energy produced during a controlled, sustained fusion reaction. The production of 59 megajoules of energy over five seconds at the Joint European Torus \u2013 or JET \u2013 experiment in England has&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":427840,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/img-cdn.tnwcdn.com\/image\/tnw?filter_last=1&fit=1280,640&url=https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2022\/04\/Nuclear-Fusion.jpg&signature=d87b47401888b46751dee71ea95e2027","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-427839","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/427839","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=427839"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/427839\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/427840"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=427839"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=427839"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=427839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}