{"id":45467,"date":"2020-08-12T19:38:00","date_gmt":"2020-08-12T16:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/global-warming-makes-tropical-soils-leak-carbon-dioxide\/"},"modified":"2020-08-12T19:38:00","modified_gmt":"2020-08-12T16:38:00","slug":"global-warming-makes-tropical-soils-leak-carbon-dioxide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/global-warming-makes-tropical-soils-leak-carbon-dioxide\/","title":{"rendered":"#Global warming makes tropical soils leak carbon dioxide"},"content":{"rendered":"

“#Global warming makes tropical soils leak carbon dioxide<\/strong>”<\/p>\n

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\"\"Carbon<\/img>
\n “Carbon held in tropical soils are more sensitive to warming than previously recognized,” says Andrew Nottingham, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Tropical forest soil warmed in experiments to levels consistent with end-of-century temperature projections released 55 percent more CO2<\/sub> than control plots, exposing a previously underestimated source of greenhouse gas emissions, researchers reported Wednesday.<\/p>\n

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Before humanity began loading the atmosphere with carbon pollution by burning fossil fuels, the input and outflow of CO2<\/sub> into soil\u2014one key element in Earth’s complex carbon cycle\u2014remained roughly in balance. <\/p>\n

Gases emitted by deadwood and decaying leaves, in other words, were canceled out by microorganisms that feed on such matter.
\nBut climate change has begun to upset that balance, according to a new study, published in Nature<\/i>.
\n“Carbon held in tropical soils is more sensitive to warming than previously recognized,” lead author Andrew Nottingham, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh’s School of Geoscience<\/a>s, told AFP.
\n“Even a small increase in respiration from tropical forest soils could have a large effect on atmospheric CO2<\/sub> concentrations, with consequences for global climate.”
\nThe quantity of carbon cycling each year through soils worldwide is up to 10 times greater than human-generated greenhouse gas emissions.
\nJust a one-percent imbalance\u2014with more carbon going out than in\u2014”would equal about ten percent of global anthropogenic (manmade) carbon emissions,” noted Eric Davidson, a researcher at the University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science.
\nEarth’s average surface temperature has risen just over one degree Celsius (1C) above preindustrial levels, enough to boost the severity of droughts, heatwaves and superstorms made more destructive by rising seas.
\nBut the increase in temperatures over land alone\u2014excluding oceans, which cover 70 percent of the planet\u2014has been nearly 2C, or double the global average.
\nCarbon ‘sink’ to ‘source’<\/b>
\nIn the experiments, Nottingham and colleagues placed heating rods in a one-hectare plot of undisturbed primary forest on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. <\/p>\n

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\"Up<\/img>
\n Up to now, tree cover and the ocean have together consistently absorbed about half of the excess carbon emissions from human activity
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

They warmed the soil to a depth of just over one meter (three feet) by 4C over a period of two years.<\/p>\n

Soil temperature is usually about a degree warmer than air temperature.
\nWhile such experiments have been conducted in higher latitude forests, none had been carried out up to now in the tropics.
\nClimate models seeking to take into account the potential carbon leakage from soil due to rising temperatures have relied on theoretical calculations that underestimate outputs compared to the field tests reported in Nature<\/i>.
\nExtrapolating from the new findings, the study estimates that if all the world’s tropical soils warmed by 4C for a two-year period some time before 2100, it would release 65 billion tons of carbon\u2014equivalent to about 240 billion tons of CO2<\/sub>\u2014into the atmosphere.
\n“That is more than six times the current annual emissions from human-related sources,” Nottingham said.
\n“This could be an underestimation, because we might see large continued loss beyond the two years in our experiment.”
\nNor are deeper stores of carbon\u2014below two meters\u2014taken into account, he added.
\nNo sweeping conclusions can be drawn on the basis of a single experiment, the researchers caution.
\n“But the study adds to recently accumulating evidence that tropical forests are unlikely to continue indefinitely to be carbon sinks as the world warms,” said Davidson, who was not among the study’s authors.
\nUp to now, tree cover and the ocean have together consistently absorbed about half of the excess carbon emissions from human activity, but there are signs that some forests may be experiencing CO2<\/sub> fatigue.
\nStored CO2<\/sub> is also released when trees are cut down.
\nLast year, a football pitch of primary, old-growth trees was destroyed every six seconds, about 38,000 square kilometers (14,500 square miles) in all, according to Global Forest Watch.<\/p>\n

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More information:<\/strong>
\n Nottingham, A.T., Meir, P., Velasquez, E. et al. Soil carbon loss by experimental warming in a tropical forest. Nature<\/i> 584, 234\u2013237 (2020). doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-020-2566-4 , www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-020-2566-4\n <\/div>\n

\u00a9 2020 AFP<\/p>\n

\n Citation<\/strong>:
\n Global warming makes tropical soils leak carbon dioxide (2020, August 12)
\n retrieved 12 August 2020
\n from https:\/\/phys.org\/news<\/a>\/2020-08-global-tropical-soils-leak-carbon.html<\/p>\n

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“#Global warming makes tropical soils leak carbon dioxide” “Carbon held in tropical soils are more sensitive to warming than previously recognized,” says Andrew Nottingham, a researcher at the University of Edinburgh Tropical forest soil warmed in experiments to levels consistent with end-of-century temperature projections released 55 percent more CO2 than control plots, exposing a previously…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[10681,52500],"class_list":["post-45467","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sciencee","tag-earth-sciences-environment","tag-global-warming-makes-tropical-soils-leak-carbon-dioxide"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45467","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=45467"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/45467\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=45467"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=45467"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=45467"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}