{"id":463270,"date":"2022-06-15T18:21:25","date_gmt":"2022-06-15T15:21:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/black-death-origin-mystery-solved-675-years-later\/"},"modified":"2022-06-15T18:21:25","modified_gmt":"2022-06-15T15:21:25","slug":"black-death-origin-mystery-solved-675-years-later","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/black-death-origin-mystery-solved-675-years-later\/","title":{"rendered":"#Black Death origin mystery solved&#8230; 675 years later"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2950bb217fa\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2950bb217fa\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/black-death-origin-mystery-solved-675-years-later\/#%E2%80%9CBlack_Death_origin_mystery_solved%E2%80%A6_675_years_later%E2%80%9D\" >&#8220;Black Death origin mystery solved&#8230; 675 years later&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CBlack_Death_origin_mystery_solved%E2%80%A6_675_years_later%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;Black Death origin mystery solved&#8230; 675 years later&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2022\/dna-1.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2022\/dna-1.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Credit: Pixabay\/CC0 Public Domain\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2022\/dna-1.jpg\" alt=\"dna\" title=\"Credit: Pixabay\/CC0 Public Domain\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                Credit: Pixabay\/CC0 Public Domain<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>A deadly pandemic with mysterious origins: it might sound like a modern headline, but scientists have spent centuries debating the source of the Black Death that devastated the medieval world.\n                                                <\/p>\n<p>                                                                                Not anymore, according to researchers who say they have pinpointed the source of the plague to a region of Kyrgyzstan, after analyzing DNA from remains at an ancient burial site.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We managed to actually put to rest all those centuries-old controversies about the origins of the Black Death,&#8221; said Philip Slavin, a historian and part of the team whose work was published Wednesday in the journal <i>Nature<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>The Black Death was the initial wave of a nearly 500-year pandemic. In just eight years, from 1346 to 1353, it killed up to 60 percent of the population of Europe, the Middle East and Africa, according to estimates.<\/p>\n<p>Slavin, an associate professor at the University of Stirling in Scotland who has &#8220;always been fascinated with the Black Death&#8221;, found an intriguing clue in an 1890 work describing an ancient burial site in what is now northern Kyrgyzstan.<\/p>\n<p>It reported a spike in burials in 1338-39 and that several tombstones described people having &#8220;died of pestilence&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;When you have one or two years with excess mortality it means that something funny was going on there,&#8221; Slavin told reporters.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;But it wasn&#8217;t just any year\u20141338 and 1339 was just seven or eight years before the Black Death.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>It was a lead, but nothing more without determining what killed the people at the site.<\/p>\n<p>For that, Slavin teamed up with specialists who examine ancient DNA.<\/p>\n<p>They extracted DNA from the teeth of seven people buried at the site, explained Maria Spyrou, a researcher at the University of Tuebingen and author of the study.<\/p>\n<p>Because teeth contain many blood vessels, they give researchers &#8220;high chances of detecting blood-borne pathogens that may have caused the deaths of the individuals,&#8221; Spyrou told AFP.<\/p>\n<p><b>&#8216;Big Bang&#8217; event<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Once extracted and sequenced, the DNA was compared against a database of thousands of microbial genomes.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;One of the hits that we were able to get&#8230; was a hit for Yersinia pestis,&#8221; more commonly known as plague, said Spyrou.<\/p>\n<p>The DNA also displayed &#8220;characteristic damage patterns,&#8221; she added, showing that &#8220;what we were dealing with was an infection that the ancient individual carried at the time of their death.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>The start of the Black Death has been linked to a so-called &#8220;Big Bang&#8221; event, when existing strains of the plague, which is carried by fleas on rodents, suddenly diversified.<\/p>\n<p>Scientists thought it might have h<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>ened as early as the 10th century but had not been able to pinpoint a date.<\/p>\n<p>The research team painstakingly reconstructed the Y. pestis genome from their samples and found the strain at the burial site pre-dated the diversification.<\/p>\n<p>And rodents living in the region now were also found to be carrying the same ancient strain, helping the team conclude the &#8220;Big Bang&#8221; must have happened somewhere in the area in a short window before the Black Death.<\/p>\n<p>The research has some unavoidable limitations, including a small sample size, according to Michael Knapp, an associate professor at New Zealand&#8217;s University of Otago who was not involved in the study.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Data from far more individuals, times and regions&#8230; would really help clarify what the data presented here really means,&#8221; said Knapp.<\/p>\n<p>But he acknowledged it could be difficult to find additional samples, and praised the research as nonetheless &#8220;really valuable&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>Sally Wasef, a paleogeneticist at Queensland University of <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/technology\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"4\" title=\"Technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Technology<\/a>, said the work offered hope for untangling other ancient scientific mysteries.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The study has shown how robust microbial ancient DNA recovery could help reveal evidence to solve long-lasting debates,&#8221; she told AFP.\n                                                                                                                        <\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<div class=\"article-main__explore my-4 d-print-none\">\n<p>                                                                                        <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"text-medium text-info mt-2 d-inline-block\" href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2022-06-ancient-plague-genomes-reveal-black.html\">Ancient plague genomes reveal the origins of the Black Death<\/a>\n                                                                                    <\/div>\n<hr class=\"mb-4\"\/>\n<div class=\"article-main__more p-4\">\n                                                                                                <strong>More information:<\/strong><br \/>\n                                                Johannes Krause, The source of the Black Death in 14th-century central Eurasia, <i>Nature<\/i> (2022).  <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" data-doi=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-022-04800-3\">DOI: 10.1038\/s41586-022-04800-3<\/a>. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-022-04800-3\">www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-022-04800-3<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"article-main__note mt-4\">\n                                                \u00a9 2022 AFP<\/p>\n<p>                                        <!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>                                                 <strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n                                                 Black Death origin mystery solved&#8230; 675 years later (2022, June 15)<br \/>\n                                                 retrieved 15 June 2022<br \/>\n                                                 from https:\/\/medicalxpress.com\/<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>\/2022-06-black-death-mystery-years.html<\/p>\n<p>                                            This document is subject to copyright. 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