{"id":495275,"date":"2022-09-23T03:00:01","date_gmt":"2022-09-23T00:00:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/possible-association-between-air-pollution-exposure-especially-at-young-age-and-alterations-in-brain-structure\/"},"modified":"2022-09-23T03:00:01","modified_gmt":"2022-09-23T00:00:01","slug":"possible-association-between-air-pollution-exposure-especially-at-young-age-and-alterations-in-brain-structure","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/possible-association-between-air-pollution-exposure-especially-at-young-age-and-alterations-in-brain-structure\/","title":{"rendered":"#Possible association between air pollution exposure, especially at young age, and alterations in brain structure"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a35efcfb4d04\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a35efcfb4d04\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/possible-association-between-air-pollution-exposure-especially-at-young-age-and-alterations-in-brain-structure\/#%E2%80%9CPossible_association_between_air_pollution_exposure_especially_at_young_age_and_alterations_in_brain_structure%E2%80%9D\" >&#8220;Possible association between air pollution exposure, especially at young age, and alterations in brain structure&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CPossible_association_between_air_pollution_exposure_especially_at_young_age_and_alterations_in_brain_structure%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;Possible association between air pollution exposure, especially at young age, and alterations in brain structure&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2019\/8-pollution.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2019\/8-pollution.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Credit: CC0 Public Domain\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2019\/8-pollution.jpg\" alt=\"pollution\" title=\"Credit: CC0 Public Domain\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                Credit: CC0 Public Domain<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>A study published in the journal <i>Environmental Pollution<\/i> has found an association, in children aged 9\u201112, between exposure to air pollutants in the womb and during the first 8.5 years of life and alterations in white matter structural connectivity in the brain. The greater the child&#8217;s exposure before age 5, the greater the brain structure alteration observed in preadolescence. The study was led by the Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal).\n                                                <\/p>\n<p>                                                                                Tracts or bundles of cerebral white matter ensure structural connectivity by interconnecting the different areas of the brain. Connectivity can be measured by studying the microstructure of this white matter, a marker of typical brain development. Abnormal white matter microstructure has been associated with psychiatric disorders (e.g., depressive symptoms, anxiety and autism spectrum disorders).<\/p>\n<p>In addition to the association between air pollution and white matter microstructure, the study also found a link between specific exposure to fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5<\/sub>) and the volume of the putamen, a brain structure involved in motor function, learning processes and many other functions. As the putamen is a subcortical structure, it has broader and less specialized functions than cortical structures. The study found that the greater the exposure to PM<sub>2.5<\/sub>, especially during the first two years of life, the greater the volume of the putamen in preadolescence.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;A larger putamen has been associated with certain psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, and obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders),&#8221; says Anne-Claire Binter, ISGlobal researcher and first author of the study.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The novel aspect of the present study is that it identified periods of susceptibility to air pollution,&#8221; Binter goes on to explain. &#8220;We measured exposure using a finer time scale by analyzing the data on a month-by-month basis, unlike previous studies in which data was analyzed for trimesters of pregnancy or childhood years. In this study, we analyzed the children&#8217;s exposure to air pollution from conception to 8.5 years of age on a monthly basis.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><b>Effects observed even at pollution levels complying with European Union standards<\/b><\/p>\n<p>Another strong point of this study is that the data analyzed came from a large cohort of 3,515 children enrolled in the Generation R Study in Rotterdam (Netherlands).<\/p>\n<p>To determine each participant&#8217;s exposure to air pollution during the study period, the researchers estimated the daily levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2<\/sub>) and particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> and PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> absorbance) at their homes during the mother&#8217;s pregnancy and until they reached 8.5 years of age. When participants were between 9 and 12 years analyzed of age they underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging to examine the structural connectivity and the volumes of various brain structures at that time.<\/p>\n<p>The levels of NO<sub>2<\/sub> and PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> recorded in the present study exceeded the annual thresholds limits specified in the current World Health Organization guidelines (10 \u00b5g\/m<sup>3<\/sup> and 5 \u00b5g\/m<sup>3<\/sup>, respectively) but met European Union (EU) standards, an indication that brain development can be affected by exposure to air pollution at levels lower than the current EU air quality limit values.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;One of the important conclusions of this study,&#8221; explains Binter, &#8220;is that the infant&#8217;s brain is particularly susceptible to the effects of air pollution not only during pregnancy, as has been shown in earlier studies, but also during childhood.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;We should follow up and continue to measure the same parameters in this cohort to investigate the possible long-term effects on the brain of exposure to air pollution,&#8221; concludes M\u00f2nica Guxens, ISGlobal researcher and last author of the study.\n                                                                                                                        <\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<div class=\"article-main__explore my-4 d-print-none\">\n<p>                                                                                        Early-life exposure to air pollution causes changes in brain connectivity in preadolescents\n                                                                                    <\/p><\/div>\n<hr class=\"mb-4\"\/>\n<div class=\"article-main__more p-4\">\n                                                                                                <strong>More information:<\/strong><br \/>\n                                                Air pollution, white matter microstructure, and brain volumes: periods of susceptibility from pregnancy to preadolescence, <i>Environmental Pollution<\/i> (2022).<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"d-inline-block text-medium my-4\">\n                                                Provided by<br \/>\n                                                                                                    Barcelona Institute for Global Health<br \/>\n                                                                                                        <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"icon_open\" href=\"https:\/\/www.isglobal.org\/en\"><br \/>\n                                                        <svg>\n                                                            <use href=\"https:\/\/medx.b-cdn.net\/tmpl\/v6\/img\/svg\/sprite.svg#icon_open\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\"\/>\n                                                        <\/svg><br \/>\n                                                    <\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p>                                        <!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>\n                                                 <strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n                                                 Possible association between air pollution exposure, especially at young age, and alterations in brain structure (2022, September 22)<br \/>\n                                                 retrieved 22 September 2022<br \/>\n                                                 from https:\/\/medicalxpress.com\/<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>\/2022-09-association-air-pollution-exposure-young.html<\/p>\n<p>                                            This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no<br \/>\n                                            part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script id=\"facebook-jssdk\" async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/sdk.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMLG0nwswvr63Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more Like this articles, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/science\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/medicalxpress.com\/news\/2022-09-association-air-pollution-exposure-young.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;Possible association between air pollution exposure, especially at young age, and alterations in brain structure&#8221; Credit: CC0 Public Domain A study published in the journal Environmental Pollution has found an association, in children aged 9\u201112, between exposure to air pollutants in the womb and during the first 8.5 years of life and alterations in white&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":495276,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2019\/8-pollution.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-495275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sciencee"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=495275"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/495275\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/495276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=495275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=495275"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=495275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}