{"id":501080,"date":"2022-10-15T13:26:46","date_gmt":"2022-10-15T10:26:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/record-breaking-gamma-ray-burst-possibly-most-powerful-explosion-ever-recorded\/"},"modified":"2022-10-15T13:26:46","modified_gmt":"2022-10-15T10:26:46","slug":"record-breaking-gamma-ray-burst-possibly-most-powerful-explosion-ever-recorded","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/record-breaking-gamma-ray-burst-possibly-most-powerful-explosion-ever-recorded\/","title":{"rendered":"#Record-breaking gamma-ray burst possibly most powerful explosion ever recorded"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a3ccb814a7d6\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a3ccb814a7d6\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/record-breaking-gamma-ray-burst-possibly-most-powerful-explosion-ever-recorded\/#%E2%80%9CRecord-breaking_gamma-ray_burst_possibly_most_powerful_explosion_ever_recorded%E2%80%9D\" >&#8220;Record-breaking gamma-ray burst possibly most powerful explosion ever recorded&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CRecord-breaking_gamma-ray_burst_possibly_most_powerful_explosion_ever_recorded%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;Record-breaking gamma-ray burst possibly most powerful explosion ever recorded&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2022\/record-breaking-gamma.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2022\/record-breaking-gamma.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Thanks to a fast reaction by observers and staff, near-simultaneous observations were made of GRB221009A from Gemini South in Chile. The image is a combination of 4 exposures in I, J,H, K with two instruments taken in the morning of Friday 14 October 2022. Credit: International Gemini Observatory\/NOIRLab\/NSF\/AURA\/B. O'Connor (UMD\/GWU) &amp; J. Rastinejad &amp; W Fong (Northwestern Univ) Image processing: T.A. Rector (University of Alaska Anchorage\/NSF's NOIRLab), M. Zamani &amp; D. de Martin (NSF's NOIRLab)\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2022\/record-breaking-gamma.jpg\" alt=\"Record-breaking gamma-ray burst possibly most powerful explosion ever recorded\" title=\"Thanks to a fast reaction by observers and staff, near-simultaneous observations were made of GRB221009A from Gemini South in Chile. The image is a combination of 4 exposures in I, J,H, K with two instruments taken in the morning of Friday 14 October 2022. Credit: International Gemini Observatory\/NOIRLab\/NSF\/AURA\/B. O'Connor (UMD\/GWU) &amp; J. Rastinejad &amp; W Fong (Northwestern Univ) Image processing: T.A. Rector (University of Alaska Anchorage\/NSF's NOIRLab), M. Zamani &amp; D. de Martin (NSF's NOIRLab)\" width=\"800\" height=\"516\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                Thanks to a fast reaction by observers and staff, near-simultaneous observations were made of GRB221009A from Gemini South in Chile. The image is a combination of 4 exposures in I, J,H, K with two instruments taken in the morning of Friday 14 October 2022. Credit: International Gemini Observatory\/NOIRLab\/NSF\/AURA\/B. O&#8217;Connor (UMD\/GWU) &amp; J. Rastinejad &amp; W Fong (Northwestern Univ) Image processing: T.A. Rector (University of Alaska Anchorage\/NSF&#8217;s NOIRLab), M. Zamani &amp; D. de Martin (NSF&#8217;s NOIRLab)<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>In the early-morning hours of today, 14 October 2022, astronomers using the Gemini South telescope in Chile operated by NSF&#8217;s NOIRLab observed the unprecedented aftermath of one of the most powerful explosions ever recorded, Gamma-Ray Burst GRB221009A. This record-shattering event, which was first detected on 9 October 2022 by orbiting X-ray and gamma-ray telescopes, occurred 2.4 billion light-years from Earth and was likely triggered by a supernova explosion giving birth to a black hole.<\/p>\n<section class=\"article-banner first-banner ads-336x280\">\n         <!-- \/4988204\/Phys_Story_InText_Box --><\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p>A titanic cosmic explosion triggered a burst of activity from astronomers around the world as they raced to study the aftermath from what is one of the nearest and possibly the most-energetic gamma-ray burst (GRB) ever observed. Just-released observations by two independent teams using the Gemini South telescope in Chile\u2014one of the twin telescopes of the International Gemini Observatory operated by NSF&#8217;s NOIRLab\u2014targeted the bright, glowing remains of the explosion, which likely heralded a supernova giving birth to a black hole.<\/p>\n<p>The GRB, identified as GRB 221009A, occurred <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>roximately 2.4 billion light-years away in the direction of the constellation Sagitta. It was first detected the morning of 9 October by X-ray and gamma-ray space telescopes, including NASA&#8217;s Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory, and the Wind spacecraft. <\/p>\n<p>As word of this detection quickly spread, two teams of astronomers worked closely with staff at the Gemini South to obtain the earliest-possible observations of the afterglow of this historic explosion. <\/p>\n<p>In the early-morning hours of Friday, 14 October, two Rapid Target of Opportunity imaging  observations were conducted by two independent teams of observers led by graduate students Brendan O&#8217;Connor (University of Maryland\/George Washington University) and Jillian Rastinejad (Northwestern University). The observations occurred mere minutes apart. The first observation used the FLAMINGOS-2 instrument, a near-infrared imaging spectrograph. The other observation used the Gemini Multi-Object Spectrograph (GMOS). <\/p>\n<p>The teams now have access to both datasets for their analyses of this energetic and evolving event. <\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The exceptionally long GRB 221009A is the brightest GRB ever recorded and its afterglow is smashing all records at all wavelengths,&#8221; said O&#8217;Connor. &#8220;Because this burst is so bright and also nearby, we think this is a once-in-a-century opportunity to address some of the most fundamental questions regarding these explosions, from the formation of black holes to tests of dark matter models.&#8221; <\/p>\n<p>Thanks to the fast reaction of observers and staff, combined with the use of Gemini Director&#8217;s Discretionary Time and efficient data-reduction software like Gemini&#8217;s <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.gemini.edu\/observing\/phase-iii\/understanding-and-processing-data\/data-processing-software\">DRAGONS &#8220;FIRE&#8221;<\/a> (Fast Initial Reduction Engine), this image was quickly produced soon after the observations.  <\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The agility and responsiveness of Gemini&#8217;s infrastructure and staff are hallmarks of our observatory and have made our telescopes go-to resources for astronomers studying transient events,&#8221; said Gemini Chief Scientist Janice Lee.<\/p>\n<p>Already communications have gone out to fellow astronomers through the NASA Gamma-ray Coordinates Network, the archive of which is now filling up with <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov\/gcn\/gcn3_archive.html\">reports <\/a>from around the world. Astronomers think it represents the collapse of a star many times the mass of our Sun, which in turn launches an extremely powerful supernova and gives  birth to a black hole 2.4 billion light-years from Earth. <\/p>\n<p>&#8220;In our research group, we&#8217;ve been referring to this burst as the &#8216;BOAT&#8217;, or Brightest Of All Time, because when you look at the thousands of bursts gamma-ray telescopes have been detecting since the 1990s, this one stands apart,&#8221; said Rastinejad. &#8220;Gemini&#8217;s sensitivity and diverse instrument suite will help us to observe GRB221009A&#8217;s  optical counterparts to much later times than most ground-based telescopes can observe. This will help us understand what made this gamma-ray burst so uniquely bright and energetic.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>When black holes form, they drive powerful jets of particles that are accelerated to nearly the speed of light. These jets then piece through what remains of the progenitor star, emitting X-rays and gamma rays as they stream into space. If these jets are pointed in the <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/general\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"3\" title=\"General\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">general<\/a> direction of Earth, they are observed as bright flashes of X-rays and gamma rays. <\/p>\n<p>Another gamma-ray burst this bright may not appear for decades or even centuries and the case is still evolving. Of note are other extraordinary reports of <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov\/gcn3\/32744.gcn3\">disturbances in the Earth&#8217;s ionosphere<\/a> affecting long wave radio transmissions from the energetic radiation from the GRB221009A event. Scientists are also wondering how very-high-energy 18 TeV (tera-electron-volt) photons <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/pdf\/2210.06338\">observed with the Chinese Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory<\/a> could defy our standard understanding of physics and survive their 2.4 billion year journey to Earth. <\/p>\n<p>This event, because of its relative proximity to Earth, is also a unique opportunity to better understand the origin of the elements heavier than iron and whether they all come <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/journals.aps.org\/prl\/abstract\/10.1103\/PhysRevLett.119.161101\">solely from neutron-star mergers<\/a> or also from collapsing stars that trigger GRBs. <\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The Gemini observations will allow us to utilize this nearby event to the fullest and seek out the signatures of heavy elements formed and ejected in the massive star collapse,&#8221; said O&#8217;Connor.<\/p>\n<hr\/>\n<div class=\"article-main__explore my-4 d-print-none\">\n<p>                                            NASA&#8217;s Swift and Fermi missions detect exceptional cosmic blast\n                                        <\/p><\/div>\n<hr class=\"mb-4\"\/>\n<p>                                                Provided by<br \/>\n                                                                                                    NOIRLab<\/p>\n<p>                                        <!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>                                                 <strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n                                                 Record-breaking gamma-ray burst possibly most powerful explosion ever recorded (2022, October 15)<br \/>\n                                                 retrieved 15 October 2022<br \/>\n                                                 from https:\/\/phys.org\/<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>\/2022-10-record-breaking-gamma-ray-possibly-powerful-explosion.html<\/p>\n<p>                                            This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no<br \/>\n                                            part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script id=\"facebook-jssdk\" async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/sdk.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. 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The image is a combination of 4 exposures in I, J,H, K with two instruments taken in the morning of Friday 14 October 2022. Credit: International&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":501081,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2022\/record-breaking-gamma.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-501080","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sciencee"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/501080","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=501080"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/501080\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/501081"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=501080"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=501080"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=501080"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}