{"id":542509,"date":"2023-01-23T14:54:45","date_gmt":"2023-01-23T11:54:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work\/"},"modified":"2023-01-23T14:54:45","modified_gmt":"2023-01-23T11:54:45","slug":"how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work\/","title":{"rendered":"#How Artificial Intelligence will impact the future of work"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a261eeeb0e34\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a261eeeb0e34\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work\/#%E2%80%9CHow_Artificial_Intelligence_will_impact_the_future_of_work%E2%80%9D\" >&#8220;How Artificial Intelligence will impact the future of work&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work\/#Get_your_tickets_for_TNW_Valencia_in_March\" >Get your tickets for TNW Valencia in March!<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work\/#Creativity_for_all_%E2%80%93_but_loss_of_skills\" >Creativity for all \u2013 but loss of skills?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work\/#Potential_inaccuracies_biases_and_plagiarism\" >Potential inaccuracies, biases and plagiarism<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work\/#With_humans_surpassed_niche_and_%E2%80%98handmade_jobs_will_remain\" >With humans surpassed, niche and \u2018handmade\u2019 jobs will remain<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work\/#Old_jobs_will_go_new_jobs_will_emerge\" >Old jobs will go, new jobs will emerge<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-artificial-intelligence-will-impact-the-future-of-work\/#Leaps_in_technology_lead_to_new_skills\" >Leaps in technology lead to new skills<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CHow_Artificial_Intelligence_will_impact_the_future_of_work%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;How Artificial Intelligence will impact the future of work&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<div id=\"article-main-content\">\n                            From steam power and electricity to computers and the internet, technological advancements have always disrupted labor markets, pushing out some careers while creating others. Artificial intelligence remains something of a misnomer \u2014 the smartest computer systems still don\u2019t actually know anything \u2014 but the <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/technology\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"4\" title=\"Technology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">technology<\/a> has reached an <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vox.com\/future-perfect\/2023\/1\/4\/23538647\/artificial-intelligence-chatgpt-openai-google-meta-facial-recognition\">inflection point<\/a> where it\u2019s poised to affect new classes of jobs: artists and knowledge workers.<\/p>\n<p>Specifically, the emergence of large language models \u2013 AI systems that are trained on vast amounts of text \u2013 means computers can now produce human-sounding written language and convert de<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">script<\/a>ive phrases into realistic images. The Conversation asked five artificial intelligence researchers to discuss how large language models are likely to affect artists and knowledge workers. And, as our experts noted, the technology is far from perfect, which raises a host of issues \u2014 from misinformation to plagiarism \u2014 that affect human workers.<\/p>\n<p>To jump ahead to each response, here\u2019s a list of each:<\/p>\n<div class=\"inarticle-wrapper channel-cta\">\n<div class=\"ica-text\">\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Get_your_tickets_for_TNW_Valencia_in_March\"><\/span>Get your tickets for TNW Valencia in March!<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>The heart of tech is coming to the heart of the Mediterranean<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#Creativity\">Creativity for all \u2013 but loss of skills?<\/a><br \/><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#Inaccuracies\">Potential inaccuracies, biases and plagiarism<\/a><br \/><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#Niche\">With humans surpassed, niche and \u2018handmade\u2019 jobs will remain<\/a><br \/><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#Jobs\">Old jobs will go, new jobs will emerge<\/a><br \/><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#Leaps\">Leaps in technology lead to new skills<\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Creativity_for_all_%E2%80%93_but_loss_of_skills\"><\/span>Creativity for all \u2013 but loss of skills?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Lynne Parker, Associate Vice Chancellor, University of Tennessee<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Large language models are making creativity and knowledge work accessible to all. Everyone with an internet connection can now use tools like <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/chatgpt\/\">ChatGPT<\/a> or <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/openai.com\/dall-e-2\/\">DALL-E 2<\/a> to express themselves and make sense of huge stores of information by, for example, producing text summaries.<\/p>\n<p>Especially notable is the depth of humanlike expertise large language models display. In just minutes, novices can <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pcmag.com\/how-to\/how-to-use-dall-e-ai-art-generator\">create illustrations for their business presentations<\/a>, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/hbr.org\/2022\/11\/how-generative-ai-is-changing-creative-work\">generate marketing pitches<\/a>, get ideas to <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/towardsdatascience.com\/got-writers-block-it-s-plotjam-to-the-rescue-e555db9f3272\">overcome writer\u2019s block<\/a>, or <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/2108.07732\">generate new computer code<\/a> to perform specified functions, all at a level of quality typically attributed to human experts.<\/p>\n<p>These new AI tools can\u2019t read minds, of course. A new, yet simpler, kind of human creativity is needed in the form of text prompts to get the results the human user is seeking. Through iterative prompting \u2014 an example of <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/partnershiponai.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/CPAIS-Framework-and-Case-Studies-9-23.pdf\">human-AI collaboration<\/a> \u2014 the AI system generates successive rounds of outputs until the human writing the prompts is satisfied with the results. For example, the (human) winner of the recent <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/09\/02\/technology\/ai-artificial-intelligence-artists.html\">Colorado State Fair competition in the digital artist category<\/a>, who used an AI-powered tool, demonstrated creativity, but not of the sort that requires brushes and an eye for color and texture.<\/p>\n<p>While there are significant benefits to opening the world of creativity and knowledge work to everyone, these new AI tools also have downsides. First, they could accelerate the loss of important human skills that will remain important in the coming years, especially writing skills. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/the-dawn-of-ai-has-come-and-its-implications-for-education-couldnt-be-more-significant-196383\">Educational institutes need to craft and enforce policies<\/a> on allowable uses of large language models to ensure fair play and desirable learning outcomes.<\/p>\n<figure><iframe loading=\"lazy\" srcdoc=\"&lt;style&gt;*{padding:0;margin:0;overflow:hidden}html,body{background:#000;height:100%}img{position:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;transition:opacity .1s cubic-bezier(0.4,0,1,1)}a:hover img+img{opacity:1!important}&lt;\/style&gt;&lt;a href=\" https:=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/img.youtube.com\/vi\/l01biyMZjEo\/hqdefault.jpg\" style=\"top: 50%;left:50%;width:68px;height:48px;transform:translate3d(-50%,-50%,0)\" width=\"440\" height=\"260\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">Educators are preparing for a world where students have ready access to AI-powered text generators.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Second, these AI tools raise questions around <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mondaq.com\/uk\/patent\/1261292\/large-language-models-a-basic-explainer-and-look-at-ip-developments\">intellectual property protections<\/a>. While human creators are regularly inspired by existing artifacts in the world, including architecture and the writings, music and paintings of others, there are unanswered questions on the proper and fair use by large language models of copyrighted or open-source training examples. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/this-copyright-lawsuit-could-shape-the-future-of-generative-ai\/\">Ongoing lawsuits<\/a> are now debating this issue, which may have implications for the future design and use of large language models.<\/p>\n<p>As society navigates the implications of these new AI tools, the public seems ready to embrace them. The chatbot <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/12\/05\/technology\/chatgpt-ai-twitter.html\">ChatGPT went viral<\/a> quickly, as did image generator <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencefocus.com\/news\/dall-e-mini-creator-explains-blurred-faces-going-viral-and-the-future-of-the-project\/\">Dall-E mini<\/a> and others. This suggests a huge untapped potential for creativity, and the importance of making creative and knowledge work accessible to all.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Potential_inaccuracies_biases_and_plagiarism\"><\/span>Potential inaccuracies, biases and plagiarism<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Daniel Acu\u00f1a, Associate Professor of Computer <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/sciencee\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"5\" title=\"Science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science<\/a>, University of Colorado Boulder<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>I am a regular user of <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/github.com\/features\/copilot\">GitHub Copilot<\/a>, a tool for helping people write computer code, and I\u2019ve spent countless hours playing with ChatGPT and similar tools for AI-generated text. In my experience, these tools are good at exploring ideas that I haven\u2019t thought about before.<\/p>\n<p>I\u2019ve been impressed by the models\u2019 capacity to translate my instructions into coherent text or code. They\u2019re useful for discovering new ways to improve the flow of my ideas, or creating solutions with software packages that I didn\u2019t know existed. Once I see what these tools generate, I can evaluate their quality and edit heavily. Overall, I think they raise the bar on what is considered creative.<\/p>\n<p>But I have several reservations.<\/p>\n<p>One set of problems is their inaccuracies \u2014 small and big. With Copilot and ChatGPT, I\u2019m constantly looking for whether ideas are too shallow \u2014 for example, text without much substance or inefficient code, or output that is just plain wrong, such as wrong analogies or conclusions, or code that doesn\u2019t run. If users aren\u2019t critical of what these tools produce, the tools are potentially harmful.<\/p>\n<p>Recently, Meta shut down its <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/galactica.org\/\">Galactica<\/a> large language model for scientific text <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2022\/11\/18\/1063487\/meta-large-language-model-ai-only-survived-three-days-gpt-3-science\/\">because it made up \u201cfacts\u201d but sounded very confident<\/a>. The concern was that it could pollute the internet with confident-sounding falsehoods.<\/p>\n<p>Another problem is biases. Language models can learn from the data\u2019s biases and replicate them. These biases are <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2211.03759\">hard to see in text generation but very clear in image generation models<\/a>. Researchers at OpenAI, creators of ChatGPT, have been relatively careful about what the model will respond to, but users routinely find ways around these guardrails.<\/p>\n<p>Another problem is plagiarism. Recent research has shown that <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2212.03860\">image generation tools often plagiarize the work of others<\/a>. Does the same happen with ChatGPT? I believe that we don\u2019t know. The tool might be paraphrasing its training data \u2014 an advanced form of plagiarism. Work in my lab shows that text plagiarism detection tools are <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2212.06933\">far behind when it comes to detecting paraphrasing<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-center zoomable\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter js-lazy\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" alt=\"two rows of six images, each top and bottom pair very similar to each other\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=193&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=193&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=193&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=243&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=243&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=243&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"two rows of six images, each top and bottom pair very similar to each other\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=193&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=193&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=193&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=243&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=243&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503185\/original\/file-20230105-130036-d765bd.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=243&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><\/noscript><\/figure>\n<p><\/a><figcaption><span class=\"caption\">Plagiarism is easier to see in images than in text. Is ChatGPT paraphrasing as well?<\/span><br \/><span class=\"attribution\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"source\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2212.03860\">Somepalli, G., et al.<\/a>, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"license\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/\">CC BY<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>These tools are in their infancy, given their potential. For now, I believe there are solutions to their current limitations. For example, tools could fact-check generated text against knowledge bases, use updated methods to <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2212.09251\">detect and remove biases<\/a> from large language models, and run results through more sophisticated plagiarism detection tools.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"With_humans_surpassed_niche_and_%E2%80%98handmade_jobs_will_remain\"><\/span>With humans surpassed, niche and \u2018handmade\u2019 jobs will remain<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kentaro Toyama, Professor of Community Information, University of Michigan<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>We human beings love to believe in our specialness, but science and technology have repeatedly proven this conviction wrong. People once thought that humans were the only animals to use tools, to form teams or to propagate culture, but science has shown that other animals do <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.popularmechanics.com\/science\/animals\/g39714258\/animals-using-tools\/\">each<\/a> of <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/content\/article\/dolphins-learn-names-their-friends-form-teams-first-animal-kingdom\">these<\/a> <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/content\/article\/strongest-evidence-animal-culture-seen-monkeys-and-whales\">things<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, technology has quashed, one by one, claims that cognitive tasks require a human brain. The first adding machine was <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/technology\/Calculating-Clock\">invented in 1623<\/a>. This past year, a computer-generated work <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/09\/02\/technology\/ai-artificial-intelligence-artists.html\">won an art contest<\/a>. I believe that the singularity \u2014 the moment when computers meet and exceed human intelligence \u2014 is on the horizon.<\/p>\n<p>How will human intelligence and creativity be valued when machines become smarter and more creative than the brightest people? There will likely be a continuum. In some domains, people still value humans doing things, even if a computer can do it better. It\u2019s been a quarter of a century since <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cnn.com\/videos\/business\/2022\/05\/11\/ibm-deep-blue-computer-beats-garry-kasparov-chess-champion-1997-vault-jg-orig.cnn\">IBM\u2019s Deep Blue beat<\/a> world champion Garry Kasparov, but human chess \u2014 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/12\/04\/business\/chess-cheating-scandal-magnus-carlsen-hans-niemann.html\">with all its drama<\/a> \u2014 hasn\u2019t gone away.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"align-right zoomable\">\n<figure class=\"post-image post-mediaBleed aligncenter\"><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=1000&amp;fit=clip\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" sizes=\"auto, (min-width: 1466px) 754px, (max-width: 599px) 100vw, (min-width: 600px) 600px, 237px\" alt=\"a magazine cover illustration showing an astronaut striding toward the viewer on a desert-like planet\" width=\"282\" height=\"353\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=237&amp;fit=clip\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=750&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=750&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=750&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=943&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=943&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=943&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=237&amp;fit=clip\" alt=\"a magazine cover illustration showing an astronaut striding toward the viewer on a desert-like planet\" width=\"282\" height=\"353\" class=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=750&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 600w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=750&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1200w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=600&amp;h=750&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 1800w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=45&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=943&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=1 754w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=30&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=943&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=2 1508w, https:\/\/images.theconversation.com\/files\/503160\/original\/file-20230104-129813-ndxcdv.png?ixlib=rb-1.1.0&amp;q=15&amp;auto=format&amp;w=754&amp;h=943&amp;fit=crop&amp;dpr=3 2262w\"\/><\/noscript><\/a><figcaption><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"#\" data-url=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/intent\/tweet?url=https%3A%2F%2Feditorial.thenextweb.com%2Fhouse-of-talent%2F2023%2F01%2F23%2Fhow-will-chatgpt-dall-e-and-other-ai-tools-impact-the-future-of-work-we-asked-5-experts%2F&amp;via=thenextweb&amp;related=thenextweb&amp;text=Check out this picture on: Cosmopolitan magazine used DALL-E 2 to produce this cover. \u00a9Hearst Magazine Media, Inc.\" data-title=\"Share Cosmopolitan magazine used DALL-E 2 to produce this cover. \u00a9Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. on Twitter\" data-width=\"685\" data-height=\"500\" class=\"post-image-share popitup\" title=\"Share Cosmopolitan magazine used DALL-E 2 to produce this cover. \u00a9Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. on Twitter\"><i class=\"icon icon--inline icon--twitter--dark\"\/><\/a>Cosmopolitan magazine used DALL-E 2 to produce this cover. \u00a9Hearst Magazine <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/social-mediaa\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"1\" title=\"Social Media\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Media<\/a>, Inc.<\/figcaption><\/figure><figcaption\/><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>In other domains, human skill will seem costly and extraneous. Take illustration, for example. For the most part, readers don\u2019t care whether the graphic accompanying a magazine article was drawn by a person or a computer \u2014 they just want it to be relevant, new and perhaps entertaining. If a computer can draw well, do readers care whether the credit line says Mary Chen or System X? <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/newsletters.theatlantic.com\/galaxy-brain\/62fc502abcbd490021afea1e\/twitter-viral-outrage-ai-art\/\">Illustrators would<\/a>, but readers might not even notice.<\/p>\n<p>And, of course, this question isn\u2019t black or white. Many fields will be a hybrid, where some <em>Homo sapiens<\/em> find a lucky niche, but most of the work is done by computers. Think manufacturing \u2014 much of it today is accomplished by robots, but some people oversee the machines, and there remains a market for handmade products.<\/p>\n<p>If history is any guide, it\u2019s almost certain that advances in AI will cause more jobs to vanish, that creative-class people with human-only skills will become richer but fewer in number, and that those who own creative technology will become the new mega-rich. If there\u2019s a silver lining, it might be that when even more people are without a decent livelihood, people might <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/will-the-ai-jobs-revolution-bring-about-human-revolt-too-86290\">muster the political will<\/a> to contain runaway inequality.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Old_jobs_will_go_new_jobs_will_emerge\"><\/span>Old jobs will go, new jobs will emerge<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Mark Finlayson, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Florida International University<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Large language models are sophisticated sequence completion machines: Give one a sequence of words (\u201cI would like to eat an \u2026\u201d) and it will return likely completions (\u201c\u2026 apple.\u201d). Large language models like <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/chatgpt\/\">ChatGPT<\/a> that have been trained on record-breaking numbers of words (trillions) have surprised many, including many AI researchers, with how realistic, extensive, flexible, and context-sensitive their completions are.<\/p>\n<p>Like any powerful new technology that automates a skill \u2014 in this case, the generation of coherent, albeit somewhat generic, text \u2014 it will affect those who offer that skill in the marketplace. To conceive of what might happen, it is useful to recall the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hup.harvard.edu\/catalog.php?isbn=9780674417076\">impact of the introduction of word processing programs<\/a> in the early 1980s. Certain jobs like typist almost completely disappeared. But, on the upside, anyone with a personal computer was able to generate well-typeset documents with ease, broadly increasing productivity.<\/p>\n<p>Further, new jobs and skills appeared that were previously unimagined, like the oft-included resume item MS Office. And the market for high-end document production remained, becoming much more capable, sophisticated and specialized.<\/p>\n<p>I think this same pattern will almost certainly hold for large language models: There will no longer be a need for you to ask other people to draft coherent, generic text. On the other hand, large language models will enable new ways of working, and also lead to new and as yet unimagined jobs.<\/p>\n<p>To see this, consider just three aspects where large language models fall short. First, it can take quite a bit of (human) cleverness to craft a prompt that gets the desired output. Minor changes in the prompt can result in a major change in the output.<\/p>\n<p>Second, large language models can generate inappropriate or nonsensical output without warning.<\/p>\n<p>Third, as far as AI researchers can tell, large language models have <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.48550\/arXiv.2002.12327\">no abstract, general understanding<\/a> of what is true or false, if something is right or wrong, and what is just common sense. Notably, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11023-020-09548-1\">they cannot do relatively simple math<\/a>. This means that their output can unexpectedly be <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/arstechnica.com\/information-technology\/2022\/11\/after-controversy-meta-pulls-demo-of-ai-model-that-writes-scientific-papers\/\">misleading, biased, logically faulty, or just plain false<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>These failings are opportunities for creative and knowledge workers. For much content creation, even for <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/general\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"3\" title=\"General\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">general<\/a> audiences, people will still need the judgment of human creative and knowledge workers to prompt, guide, collate, curate, edit, and especially augment machines\u2019 output. Many types of specialized and highly technical language will remain out of reach of machines for the foreseeable future. And there will be new types of work \u2014 for example, those who will make a business out of fine-tuning in-house large language models to generate certain specialized types of text to serve particular markets.<\/p>\n<p>In sum, although large language models certainly portend disruption for creative and knowledge workers, there are still many valuable opportunities in the offing for those willing to adapt to and integrate these powerful new tools.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Leaps_in_technology_lead_to_new_skills\"><\/span>Leaps in technology lead to new skills<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Casey Greene, Professor of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Technology changes the nature of work, and knowledge work is no different. The past two decades have seen biology and medicine undergoing transformation by <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/content\/article\/100-genome-new-dna-sequencers-could-be-game-changer-biology-medicine\">rapidly advancing molecular characterization<\/a>, such as fast, inexpensive DNA sequencing, and the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/business\/2020\/12\/02\/the-dawn-of-digital-medicine\">digitization of medicine<\/a> in the form of apps, telemedicine and data analysis.<\/p>\n<p>Some steps in technology feel larger than others. Yahoo <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fastcompany.com\/40544277\/the-glory-that-was-yahoo\">deployed human curators to index emerging content<\/a> during the dawn of the World Wide Web. The advent of algorithms that used information embedded in the linking patterns of the web to prioritize results radically altered the landscape of search, transforming how people gather information today.<\/p>\n<p>The release of <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/openai.com\/blog\/chatgpt\/\">OpenAI\u2019s ChatGPT<\/a> indicates another leap. ChatGPT wraps a state-of-the-art large language model tuned for chat into a highly usable interface. It puts a decade of rapid progress in artificial intelligence at people\u2019s fingertips. This tool can <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/chatgpt-job-applications-hiring-managers-job-interview-candidate-2022-12\">write passable cover letters<\/a> and instruct users on <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/tqbf\/status\/1598513757805858820\">addressing common problems in user-selected language styles<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Just as the skills for finding information on the internet changed with the advent of Google, the skills necessary to draw the best output from language models will center on creating prompts and prompt templates that produce desired outputs.<\/p>\n<p>For the cover letter example, multiple prompts are possible. \u201cWrite a cover letter for a job\u201d would produce a more generic output than \u201cWrite a cover letter for a position as a data entry specialist.\u201d The user could craft even more specific prompts by pasting portions of the job description, resume, and specific instructions \u2014 for example, \u201chighlight attention to detail.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>As with many technological advances, how people interact with the world will change in the era of widely accessible AI models. The question is whether society will use this moment to advance equity or exacerbate disparities.<!-- Below is The Conversation's page counter tag. Please DO NOT REMOVE. --><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"js-lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/196783\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\"\/><!-- End of code. If you don't see any code above, please get new code from the Advanced tab after you click the republish button. The page counter does not collect any personal data. More info: https:\/\/theconversation.com\/republishing-guidelines --><\/p>\n<p><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; margin: 0 !important; max-height: 1px !important; max-width: 1px !important; min-height: 1px !important; min-width: 1px !important; opacity: 0 !important; outline: none !important; padding: 0 !important;\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/196783\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-basic\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" class=\"\" srcset=\"\"\/><\/noscript><\/p>\n<p><em><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/lynne-parker-1401789\">Lynne Parker<\/a>, Associate Vice Chancellor, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-tennessee-688\">University of Tennessee<\/a>; <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/casey-greene-1402714\">Casey Greene<\/a>, Professor of Biomedical Informatics, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-colorado-anschutz-medical-campus-4838\">University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus<\/a>; <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/daniel-acuna-1401802\">Daniel Acu\u00f1a<\/a>, Associate Professor of Computer Science, Affiliate Professor of Information Science, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-colorado-boulder-733\">University of Colorado Boulder<\/a>; <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/kentaro-toyama-160672\">Kentaro Toyama<\/a>, Professor of Community Information, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/university-of-michigan-1290\">University of Michigan<\/a>, and <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/mark-finlayson-1402447\">Mark Finlayson<\/a>, Associate Professor of Computer Science, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/institutions\/florida-international-university-729\">Florida International University<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>This article is republished from <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/ai-and-the-future-of-work-5-experts-on-what-chatgpt-dall-e-and-other-ai-tools-mean-for-artists-and-knowledge-workers-196783\">original article<\/a>.<\/em>\n                        <\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMLG0nwswvr63Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong>\n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more like this article, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/technology\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Technology category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/thenextweb.com\/news\/how-will-chatgpt-dall-e-and-other-ai-tools-impact-the-future-of-work-we-asked-5-experts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;How Artificial Intelligence will impact the future of work&#8221; From steam power and electricity to computers and the internet, technological advancements have always disrupted labor markets, pushing out some careers while creating others. Artificial intelligence remains something of a misnomer \u2014 the smartest computer systems still don\u2019t actually know anything \u2014 but the technology has&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":542510,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/img-cdn.tnwcdn.com\/image\/tnw?filter_last=1&fit=1280,640&url=https:\/\/cdn0.tnwcdn.com\/wp-content\/blogs.dir\/1\/files\/2023\/01\/Untitled-design-1-4.jpg&signature=49a0eaf18d6a9ed5139bdb7a17178718","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-542509","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/542509","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=542509"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/542509\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/542510"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=542509"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=542509"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=542509"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}