{"id":549797,"date":"2023-02-09T12:28:34","date_gmt":"2023-02-09T09:28:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/foot-and-mouth-variant-hits-iraq-buffaloes-threatening-livelihoods\/"},"modified":"2023-02-09T12:28:34","modified_gmt":"2023-02-09T09:28:34","slug":"foot-and-mouth-variant-hits-iraq-buffaloes-threatening-livelihoods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/foot-and-mouth-variant-hits-iraq-buffaloes-threatening-livelihoods\/","title":{"rendered":"#Foot-and-mouth variant hits Iraq buffaloes, threatening livelihoods"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a406f8aa7634\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a406f8aa7634\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/foot-and-mouth-variant-hits-iraq-buffaloes-threatening-livelihoods\/#%E2%80%9CFoot-and-mouth_variant_hits_Iraq_buffaloes_threatening_livelihoods%E2%80%9D\" >&#8220;Foot-and-mouth variant hits Iraq buffaloes, threatening livelihoods&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/foot-and-mouth-variant-hits-iraq-buffaloes-threatening-livelihoods\/#High_mortality\" >High mortality<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/foot-and-mouth-variant-hits-iraq-buffaloes-threatening-livelihoods\/#Preventing_epidemic\" >Preventing epidemic<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CFoot-and-mouth_variant_hits_Iraq_buffaloes_threatening_livelihoods%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;Foot-and-mouth variant hits Iraq buffaloes, threatening livelihoods&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2023\/the-foot-and-mouth-dis.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2023\/the-foot-and-mouth-dis.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"The foot-and-mouth disease has plagued Iraq for decades, but veterinarians call this year's outbreak unprecedented.\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2023\/the-foot-and-mouth-dis.jpg\" alt=\"The foot-and-mouth disease has plagued Iraq for decades, but veterinarians call this year's outbreak unprecedented\" title=\"The foot-and-mouth disease has plagued Iraq for decades, but veterinarians call this year's outbreak unprecedented.\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                The foot-and-mouth disease has plagued Iraq for decades, but veterinarians call this year&#8217;s outbreak unprecedented.<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Despite vaccinating his entire herd against foot-and-mouth disease, Iraqi farmer Saadoun Roumi has lost five of his 15 buffaloes to a variant never before seen in the country.<\/p>\n<section class=\"article-banner first-banner ads-336x280\"><!-- \/4988204\/Phys_Story_InText_Box --><br \/>\n      <\/section>\n<p>The severe, highly contagious livestock disease has plagued Iraq for decades, but this year&#8217;s outbreak has already had a devastating impact described as unprecedented by veterinarians in Nineveh province.<\/p>\n<p>Laboratory tests have identified the SAT2 variant of the viral disease, the United Nations&#8217; Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) said.<\/p>\n<p>This strain\u2014never before recorded in Iraq\u2014is resistant to the vaccines normally used in the country, leaving authorities scrambling to obtain the right doses to inoculate livestock and prevent further spread.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The infections are much higher,&#8221; lamented 26-year-old Roumi from his farm in the village of Badush near Mosul, the capital of Nineveh. &#8220;Every day, there are between 20 and 25 cases in the village.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>In his yard, he tends to one of his ailing animals, chewing on some fodder in a basin. Along with the five he has already lost, all his buffaloes were vaccinated against the disease as part of a campaign by authorities in 2021.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;The administered vaccines aren&#8217;t effective,&#8221; Roumi said. &#8220;Foot-and-mouth disease has ravaged the herd.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2023\/between-the-viral-outb.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2023\/between-the-viral-outb.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Between the viral outbreak and the prices of fodder, Iraqi farmers have seen their only source of livelihood pushed to the brink.\">\n<figure class=\"article-img text-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2023\/between-the-viral-outb.jpg\" alt=\"Between the viral outbreak and the prices of fodder, Iraqi farmers have seen their only source of livelihood pushed to the brink\" title=\"Between the viral outbreak and the prices of fodder, Iraqi farmers have seen their only source of livelihood pushed to the brink.\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-left text-darken text-truncate text-low-up mt-3\">\n                Between the viral outbreak and the prices of fodder, Iraqi farmers have seen their only source of livelihood pushed to the brink.<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Between the outbreak and the exorbitant prices of fodder, Roumi like other farmers has seen his only source of livelihood pushed to the brink.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Before, I used to produce a barrel of 50 kilograms (110 pounds) of milk per day\u2014now, it&#8217;s less than 25 kilograms.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"High_mortality\"><\/span>High mortality<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Though the disease does not pose a threat to humans, it is highly contagious among &#8220;cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, swine and other cloven-hoofed&#8221;, according to FAO.<\/p>\n<p>The disease causes potentially lethal fevers and blisters resulting in &#8220;high mortality in newborn and young animals, weight loss, reduced milk yields and lower fertility&#8221;, the UN agency said.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Affected animals become too weak to be used to plow the soil or reap harvests, and farmers cannot sell the milk they produce, which can severely impact household food security.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Udai al-Abadi, the director of a veterinary hospital in Nineveh, noted that the disease &#8220;resurges in intermittent waves&#8221;, with the last peak in 1998.\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2023\/urgent-requests-for-va.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2023\/urgent-requests-for-va.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Urgent requests for vaccines have been sent to Baghdad, but Nineveh province did not receive its allocation of shots, a local official said.\">\n<figure class=\"article-img text-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2023\/urgent-requests-for-va.jpg\" alt=\"Urgent requests for vaccines have been sent to Baghdad, but Nineveh province did not receive its allocation of shots, a local of\" title=\"Urgent requests for vaccines have been sent to Baghdad, but Nineveh province did not receive its allocation of shots, a local official said.\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-left text-darken text-truncate text-low-up mt-3\">\n                Urgent requests for vaccines have been sent to Baghdad, but Nineveh province did not receive its allocation of shots, a local official said.<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>But this year, &#8220;infections are high and can be counted in the hundreds&#8221; in the province, compared with the dozens usually recorded, he said.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;More than a hundred cattle have died.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Urgent requests for vaccines have been sent to the government in Baghdad, he said, but the province did not receive its allocation of shots in 2022, though they can be purchased locally from private sellers.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Preventing_epidemic\"><\/span>Preventing epidemic<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Saadoun Roumi&#8217;s 90-year-old father Balou said he lost a calf from his herd of 20 buffaloes.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;When foot-and-mouth disease hits the animal, its milk is unusable and its legs can barely carry it,&#8221; he said.<\/p>\n<p>Khalid Shlash, assistant to the FAO representative in Iraq, explained that analysis of 12 samples in Nineveh, Baghdad and Diyala provinces identified the responsible strain\u2014SAT2, which stands for &#8220;Southern African Territories&#8221; where it originated.\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2023\/the-sat2-strain----nev.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2023\/the-sat2-strain----nev.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"The SAT2 strain -- never before recorded in Iraq -- is resistant to the vaccines normally used in the country.\">\n<figure class=\"article-img text-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2023\/the-sat2-strain----nev.jpg\" alt=\"The SAT2 strain -- never before recorded in Iraq -- is resistant to the vaccines normally used in the country\" title=\"The SAT2 strain -- never before recorded in Iraq -- is resistant to the vaccines normally used in the country.\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-left text-darken text-truncate text-low-up mt-3\">\n                The SAT2 strain &#8212; never before recorded in Iraq &#8212; is resistant to the vaccines normally used in the country.<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>He said the strain was not previously present in Iraq and therefore the corresponding vaccine had never been used there.<\/p>\n<p>In a bid to curb the outbreak, authorities have launched disinfection campaigns and imposed restrictions on the movement of livestock, Shlash said.<\/p>\n<p>He noted that the FAO is offering its expertise to support the government&#8217;s efforts, noting that the priority now is for a specialized lab to identify the right vaccine.<\/p>\n<p>Baghdad must then find a producer to supply nine million doses of the vaccine, he added.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;From where and how did this virus come to Iraq?&#8221; he said. &#8220;This is the question veterinarian services are now trying to answer.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p class=\"article-main__note mt-4\">\n                                                  \u00a9 2023 AFP<\/p>\n<p>                                        <!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>                                                <strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n                                                Foot-and-mouth variant hits Iraq buffaloes, threatening livelihoods (2023, February 9)<br \/>\n                                                retrieved 9 February 2023<br \/>\n                                                from https:\/\/phys.org\/<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>\/2023-02-foot-and-mouth-variant-iraq-buffaloes-threatening.html<\/p>\n<p>                                             This document is subject to copyright. 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Despite vaccinating his entire herd against foot-and-mouth disease, Iraqi farmer Saadoun Roumi has lost five of his 15 buffaloes to a variant never before seen in the country. The severe, highly contagious livestock&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":549798,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2023\/the-foot-and-mouth-dis.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-549797","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sciencee"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/549797","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=549797"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/549797\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/549798"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=549797"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=549797"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=549797"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}