{"id":561589,"date":"2023-03-09T21:42:03","date_gmt":"2023-03-09T18:42:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/how-stable-microtubules-form-within-cells\/"},"modified":"2023-03-09T21:42:03","modified_gmt":"2023-03-09T18:42:03","slug":"how-stable-microtubules-form-within-cells","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-stable-microtubules-form-within-cells\/","title":{"rendered":"#How stable microtubules form within cells"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a261df25a3fa\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a261df25a3fa\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-stable-microtubules-form-within-cells\/#%E2%80%9CHow_stable_microtubules_form_within_cells%E2%80%9D\" >&#8220;How stable microtubules form within cells&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CHow_stable_microtubules_form_within_cells%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;How stable microtubules form within cells&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"As the expansion rate increases, the D2 region of CAMSAP3 shows a much higher affinity to microtubules, so the D2 region can identify the expanded microtubules. Credit: Liu and Shima et al 2023\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r.jpg\" alt=\"Like a flexible Lego railway track: How stable microtubules form within cells\" title=\"As the expansion rate increases, the D2 region of CAMSAP3 shows a much higher affinity to microtubules, so the D2 region can identify the expanded microtubules. Credit: Liu and Shima et al 2023\" width=\"691\" height=\"293\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                As the expansion rate increases, the D2 region of CAMSAP3 shows a much higher affinity to microtubules, so the D2 region can identify the expanded microtubules. Credit: Liu and Shima et al 2023<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Like poles support a tent, microtubules\u2014hollow cylindrical structures made of tubulin protein\u2014support eukaryotic cells. But microtubules provide more than just mechanical strength; they help prepare the cell for cell division and migration and work as a railway track on which motor proteins transport materials within the cell.<\/p>\n<section class=\"article-banner first-banner ads-336x280\"><!-- \/4988204\/Phys_Story_InText_Box --><br \/>\n      <\/section>\n<p>The formation of microtubules within cells resembles how a child assembles a Lego train track. The tubulins\u2014Lego bricks\u2014constantly assemble and disassemble to make the microtubule\u2014train track\u2014longer and shorter in processes called polymerization and depolymerization.<\/p>\n<p>The processes are regulated by microtubule-associated proteins such as CAMSAP3 that can stabilize the microtubules. A new study by Hanjin Liu and Tomohiro Shima of the University of Tokyo clarifies how CAMSAP3 stabilizes microtubules. The findings further our understanding of various cellular processes involving microtubules.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Maintaining the proper length and distribution of microtubules in the cell is critical for survival. So, microtubule-binding proteins control the microtubule dynamics,&#8221; says Shima. &#8220;CAMSAP3 is a recently found microtubule-binding protein. It specifically binds to one of the two tips of each microtubule and stabilizes the tip to prevent it from depolymerizing.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>How exactly does it stabilize the microtubule tips? To answer that, the researchers considered the structures of CAMSAPs and the microtubules. Unlike rigid Lego bricks, the tubulins in a microtubule show flexibility in their alignment. Some stabilized microtubules are known to have an expanded structure in which the distance between tubulins is greater than that of normal microtubules.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"mb-4\" itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/VideoObject\"><meta itemprop=\"name\" content=\"Like a flexible Lego railway track: How stable microtubules form within cells\"\/><meta itemprop=\"url\" content=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/video\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r.mp4\"\/><meta itemprop=\"description\" content=\"Hanjin Liu, the first author of the paper, summarizes their findings. Credit: Liu and Shima et al 2023\"\/><meta itemprop=\"uploadDate\" content=\"2023-03-09T09:34:31-05:00\"\/><meta itemprop=\"thumbnailUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/video_tmb\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r.mp4.jpg\"\/><meta itemprop=\"contentUrl\" content=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/video\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r.mp4\"\/><video class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\" id=\"jwVID73071\" controls=\"\" poster=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/video_tmb\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r.mp4.jpg\"><source src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/video\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r.mp4\" type=\"video\/mp4\"\/><\/video><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up mt-4\" itemprop=\"caption\">Hanjin Liu, the first author of the paper, summarizes their findings. Credit: Liu and Shima et al 2023<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>And within CAMSAP3, a region called D2 contributes to microtubule stabilization. The researchers conducted an array of experiments to show that the D2 region preferentially attaches to expanded microtubules. Adding an excessive amount of D2 expanded the microtubule structure and slowed microtubule depolymerization by 18-fold. Voila! A possible mechanism for how CAMSAP3 protein stabilizes microtubules: the D2-induced expansion of the microtubule structure inhibits depolymerization.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;CAMSAP3 plays a role in various cellular phenomena, such as cell-cell binding and the development of neurons and cancer cells, through its microtubule-stabilizing ability,&#8221; says Shima. &#8220;Given the multifunctionality of microtubules, our findings provide a key concept to understanding how various cellular phenomena are controlled by tuning microtubule dynamics.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;Also, an abnormal CAMSAP3 can cause diseases like kidney disease and malignant cancer,&#8221; explains Shima. &#8220;Although this study only examined the activity of the protein at the molecular level, it may contribute to better understanding the diseases and their treatment methods in the future.&#8221;\n<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r-1.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r-1.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"A CAMSAP3 molecule is first recruited to the microtubule end via an \u201cend-detector\u201d region in the protein, and then, D2 expands the microtubule. The expanded microtubule region promotes further CAMSAP3 binding as D2 can both detect and attach to the expanded microtubules. The positive feedback loop leads to the accumulation of CAMSAP3 around the microtubule ends. Credit: Liu and Shima et al 2023\">\n<figure class=\"article-img text-center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r-1.jpg\" alt=\"Like a flexible Lego railway track: How stable microtubules form within cells\" title=\"A CAMSAP3 molecule is first recruited to the microtubule end via an \u201cend-detector\u201d region in the protein, and then, D2 expands the microtubule. The expanded microtubule region promotes further CAMSAP3 binding as D2 can both detect and attach to the expanded microtubules. The positive feedback loop leads to the accumulation of CAMSAP3 around the microtubule ends. Credit: Liu and Shima et al 2023\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-left text-darken text-truncate text-low-up mt-3\">\n                A CAMSAP3 molecule is first recruited to the microtubule end via an \u201cend-detector\u201d region in the protein, and then, D2 expands the microtubule. The expanded microtubule region promotes further CAMSAP3 binding as D2 can both detect and attach to the expanded microtubules. The positive feedback loop leads to the accumulation of CAMSAP3 around the microtubule ends. Credit: Liu and Shima et al 2023<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The researchers also hope to reveal how D2 discriminates between expanded and compact microtubules at the atomic level, which may allow them to engineer a protein with an even greater ability to discriminate between them. Such an engineered protein can be used as an anti-cancer drug to stabilize microtubules and stop cell division.<\/p>\n<p>The research is published in <i>Life <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/sciencee\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"5\" title=\"Science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Science<\/a> Alliance<\/i>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-main__more p-4\">\n<p><strong>More information:<\/strong><br \/>\n                                                Hanjin Liu et al, Preference of CAMSAP3 for expanded microtubule lattice contributes to stabilization of the minus end, <i>Life Science Alliance<\/i> (2023). <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" data-doi=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.26508\/lsa.202201714\">DOI: 10.26508\/lsa.202201714<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"d-inline-block text-medium mt-4\">\n<p>\n                                                    Provided by<br \/>\n                                                                                                            University of Tokyo<br \/>\n                                                                                                                <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"icon_open\" href=\"http:\/\/www.u-tokyo.ac.jp\/\"><br \/>\n                                                            <svg><use href=\"https:\/\/phys.b-cdn.net\/tmpl\/v6\/img\/svg\/sprite.svg#icon_open\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p>                                        <!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>                                                <strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n                                                Like a flexible Lego railway track: How stable microtubules form within cells (2023, March 9)<br \/>\n                                                retrieved 9 March 2023<br \/>\n                                                from https:\/\/phys.org\/<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>\/2023-03-flexible-lego-railway-track-stable.html<\/p>\n<p>                                             This document is subject to copyright. 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Credit: Liu and Shima et al 2023 Like poles support a tent, microtubules\u2014hollow cylindrical structures made of tubulin protein\u2014support eukaryotic cells. But microtubules&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":561590,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/2023\/like-a-flexible-lego-r.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-561589","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sciencee"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/561589","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=561589"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/561589\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/561590"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=561589"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=561589"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=561589"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}