{"id":562926,"date":"2023-03-10T20:02:03","date_gmt":"2023-03-10T17:02:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-you-but-you-still-shouldnt-trust-it-says-philosopher\/"},"modified":"2023-03-10T20:02:03","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T17:02:03","slug":"chatgpt-cant-lie-to-you-but-you-still-shouldnt-trust-it-says-philosopher","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-you-but-you-still-shouldnt-trust-it-says-philosopher\/","title":{"rendered":"#ChatGPT can&#8217;t lie to you, but you still shouldn&#8217;t trust it, says philosopher"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a41412b7f333\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a41412b7f333\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-you-but-you-still-shouldnt-trust-it-says-philosopher\/#%E2%80%9CChatGPT_cant_lie_to_you_but_you_still_shouldnt_trust_it_says_philosopher%E2%80%9D\" >&#8220;ChatGPT can&#8217;t lie to you, but you still shouldn&#8217;t trust it, says philosopher&#8221;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-2' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-you-but-you-still-shouldnt-trust-it-says-philosopher\/#Justified_beliefs\" >Justified beliefs<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-you-but-you-still-shouldnt-trust-it-says-philosopher\/#Trust_and_reliance\" >Trust and reliance<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-you-but-you-still-shouldnt-trust-it-says-philosopher\/#Moral_agency\" >Moral agency<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CChatGPT_cant_lie_to_you_but_you_still_shouldnt_trust_it_says_philosopher%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;ChatGPT can&#8217;t lie to you, but you still shouldn&#8217;t trust it, says philosopher&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2023\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-yo.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2023\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-yo.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Credit: Chuan Chuan\/Shutterstock\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2023\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-yo.jpg\" alt=\"ChatGPT can't lie to you, but you still shouldn't trust it\" title=\"Credit: Chuan Chuan\/Shutterstock\" width=\"800\" height=\"394\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                Credit: Chuan Chuan\/Shutterstock<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8220;ChatGPT is a natural language generation platform based on the OpenAI GPT-3 language model.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Why did you believe the above statement? A simple answer is that you trust the author of this article (or perhaps the editor). We cannot verify everything we are told, so we regularly trust the testimony of friends, strangers, &#8220;experts&#8221; and institutions.<\/p>\n<p>Trusting someone may not always be the primary reason for believing what they say is true. (I might already know what you&#8217;ve told me, for example.) But the fact that we trust the speaker gives us extra motivation for believing what they say.<\/p>\n<p>AI <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/c\/chatbot.asp\">chatbots<\/a> therefore raise interesting issues about trust and testimony. We have to consider whether we trust what natural language generators like ChatGPT tell us. Another matter is whether these AI chatbots are even capable of being trustworthy.\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Justified_beliefs\"><\/span>Justified beliefs<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Suppose you tell me it is raining outside. According to <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/testimony-episprob\/#Redu\">one way philosophers view testimony<\/a>, I am justified in believing you only if I have reasons for thinking your testimony is reliable\u2014for example, you were just outside\u2014and no overriding reasons for thinking it isn&#8217;t. This is known as the reductionist theory of testimony.<\/p>\n<p>This view makes justified beliefs\u2014assumptions that we feel entitled to hold\u2014difficult to acquire.<\/p>\n<p>But according to another view of testimony, I would be justified in believing it&#8217;s raining outside as long as I have no reason to think this statement is false. This makes justified beliefs through testimony much easier to acquire. This is called the non-reductionist theory of testimony.<\/p>\n<p>Note that neither of these theories involves trust in the speaker. My relationship to them is one of reliance, not trust.\n<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Trust_and_reliance\"><\/span>Trust and reliance<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>When I rely on someone or something, I make a prediction that it will do what I expect it to. For example, I rely on my alarm clock to sound at the time I set it, and I rely on other drivers to obey the rules of the road.<\/p>\n<p>Trust, however, is more than <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/jme.bmj.com\/content\/early\/2021\/07\/29\/medethics-2021-107464.long\">mere reliance<\/a>. To illustrate this, let&#8217;s examine our reactions to misplaced trust compared with misplaced reliance.<\/p>\n<p>If I trusted Roxy to water my prizewinning tulips while I was on vacation and she carelessly let them die, I might rightly feel betrayed. Whereas if I relied on my automatic sprinkler to water the tulips and it failed to come on, I might be dis<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>ointed but would be wrong to feel betrayed.<\/p>\n<p>In other words, trust makes us vulnerable to betrayal, so being trustworthy is morally significant in a way that being reliable is not.<\/p>\n<p>The difference between trust and reliance highlights some important points about testimony. When a person tells someone it is raining, they are not just sharing information; they are taking responsibility for the veracity of what they say.<\/p>\n<p>In philosophy, this is called the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11229-021-03074-y\">assurance theory of testimony<\/a>. A speaker offers the listener a kind of guarantee that what they are saying is true, and in doing so gives the listener a reason to believe them. We trust the speaker, rather than rely on them, to tell the truth.<\/p>\n<p>If I found out you were guessing about the rain but luckily got it right, I would still feel my trust had been let down because your &#8220;guarantee&#8221; was empty. The assurance aspect also helps capture why lies seem to us morally worse than false statements. While in both cases you invite me to trust and then let down my trust, lies attempt to use my trust against me to facilitate the betrayal.<\/p>\n<p>                                            <!-- Google middle Adsense block --><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moral_agency\"><\/span>Moral agency<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>If the assurance view is right, then ChatGPT needs to be capable of taking responsibility for what it says in order to be a trustworthy speaker, rather than merely reliable. While it seems we can sensibly attribute <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11948-017-9943-x#Sec2\">agency to AI<\/a> to perform tasks as required, whether an AI could be a morally responsible agent is another question entirely.<\/p>\n<p><a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/philarchive.org\/rec\/SULWIA-2\">Some philosophers<\/a> argue that moral agency is not restricted to human beings. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/computing-responsibility\/#ComMorResAge\">Others argue<\/a> that AI cannot be held morally responsible because, to quote a few examples, they are incapable of mental states, lack autonomy, or lack the capacity for moral reasoning.<\/p>\n<p>Nevertheless, ChatGPT is not a moral agent; it cannot take responsibility for what it says. When it tells us something, it offers no assurances as to its truth. This is why it can give false statements, but not lie. On its website, OpenAI\u2014which built ChatGPT\u2014says that because the AI is trained on data from the internet, it &#8220;may be inaccurate, untruthful, and otherwise misleading at times&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>At best, it is a &#8220;truth-ometer&#8221; or fact-checker\u2014and by <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/markets.businessinsider.com\/news\/stocks\/chatgpt-ai-mistakes-hallucinates-wrong-answers-edge-computing-morgan-stanley-2023-2\">many accounts<\/a>, not a particularly accurate one. While we might sometimes be justified in relying on what it says, we shouldn&#8217;t trust it.<\/p>\n<p>In case you are wondering, the opening quote of this article was an excerpt of ChatGPT&#8217;s response when I asked it: &#8220;What is ChatGPT?&#8221; So you should not have trusted that the statement was true. However, <i>I<\/i> can assure you that it is.<\/p>\n<div class=\"d-inline-block text-medium my-4\">\n                                                Provided by<br \/>\n                                                                                                    The Conversation<br \/>\n                                                                                                        <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"icon_open\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\"><br \/>\n                                                        <svg><use href=\"https:\/\/techx.b-cdn.net\/tmpl\/v2\/img\/svg\/sprite.svg#icon_open\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"article-main__note mt-4\">\n                                                This article is republished from <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-you-but-you-still-shouldnt-trust-it-201127\">original article<\/a>.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/201127\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-advanced\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\"\/><\/p>\n<p>                                        <!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>                                                <strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n                                                ChatGPT can&#8217;t lie to you, but you still shouldn&#8217;t trust it, says philosopher (2023, March 10)<br \/>\n                                                retrieved 12 March 2023<br \/>\n                                                from https:\/\/techxplore.com\/<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>\/2023-03-chatgpt-shouldnt-philosopher.html<\/p>\n<p>                                            This document is subject to copyright. 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A simple answer is that you trust the author of this article (or perhaps the editor). We cannot&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":562927,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2023\/chatgpt-cant-lie-to-yo.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-562926","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sciencee"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/562926","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=562926"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/562926\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/562927"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=562926"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=562926"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=562926"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}