{"id":565438,"date":"2023-03-17T21:20:02","date_gmt":"2023-03-17T18:20:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/scientists-reveal-protein-synthesis-mechanism-in-giardia\/"},"modified":"2023-03-17T21:20:02","modified_gmt":"2023-03-17T18:20:02","slug":"scientists-reveal-protein-synthesis-mechanism-in-giardia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/scientists-reveal-protein-synthesis-mechanism-in-giardia\/","title":{"rendered":"#Scientists reveal protein synthesis mechanism in Giardia"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a3dd2d5a6f62\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a3dd2d5a6f62\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/scientists-reveal-protein-synthesis-mechanism-in-giardia\/#%E2%80%9CScientists_reveal_protein_synthesis_mechanism_in_Giardia%E2%80%9D\" >&#8220;Scientists reveal protein synthesis mechanism in Giardia&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%9CScientists_reveal_protein_synthesis_mechanism_in_Giardia%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>&#8220;Scientists reveal protein synthesis mechanism in Giardia&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2023\/scientists-reveal-prot.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2023\/scientists-reveal-prot.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Cryo-EM structure of the Giardia ribosome reveals a highly compact, GC-rich rRNA with eukaryotic r-proteins. (A) Structure of the Giardia ribosome with all the r-proteins colored (SSU, shades of blue and green; LSU, shades of red and purple) and labeled. (B) Four views (90\u00b0&amp;nbsp;related) of the Giardia (top) and Saccharomyces (bottom) ribosomes showing rRNA ESs (ES for LSU, colored in shades of red and purple; es for SSU, colored in shades of blue and green). ESs are similarly colored in both ribosomes for size comparison. (C) Distribution of A (blue), U (dark blue), G (orange) and C (yellow) nucleotides across the rRNA in Giardia and Saccharomyces ribosomes. (D) Percent A, U, G and C in Giardia and Saccharomyces ribosomes compared in a histogram. Credit: &lt;i&gt;Nucleic Acids Research&lt;\/i&gt; (2023). DOI: 10.1093\/nar\/gkad176\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2023\/scientists-reveal-prot.jpg\" alt=\"Scientists reveal protein synthesis mechanism in Giardia\" title=\"Cryo-EM structure of the Giardia ribosome reveals a highly compact, GC-rich rRNA with eukaryotic r-proteins. (A) Structure of the Giardia ribosome with all the r-proteins colored (SSU, shades of blue and green; LSU, shades of red and purple) and labeled. (B) Four views (90\u00b0&amp;nbsp;related) of the Giardia (top) and Saccharomyces (bottom) ribosomes showing rRNA ESs (ES for LSU, colored in shades of red and purple; es for SSU, colored in shades of blue and green). ESs are similarly colored in both ribosomes for size comparison. (C) Distribution of A (blue), U (dark blue), G (orange) and C (yellow) nucleotides across the rRNA in Giardia and Saccharomyces ribosomes. (D) Percent A, U, G and C in Giardia and Saccharomyces ribosomes compared in a histogram. Credit:  Nucleic Acids Research  (2023). DOI: 10.1093\/nar\/gkad176\" width=\"800\" height=\"529\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                Cryo-EM structure of the Giardia ribosome reveals a highly compact, GC-rich rRNA with eukaryotic r-proteins. (A) Structure of the Giardia ribosome with all the r-proteins colored (SSU, shades of blue and green; LSU, shades of red and purple) and labeled. (B) Four views (90\u00b0\u00a0related) of the Giardia (top) and Saccharomyces (bottom) ribosomes showing rRNA ESs (ES for LSU, colored in shades of red and purple; es for SSU, colored in shades of blue and green). ESs are similarly colored in both ribosomes for size comparison. (C) Distribution of A (blue), U (dark blue), G (orange) and C (yellow) nucleotides across the rRNA in Giardia and Saccharomyces ribosomes. (D) Percent A, U, G and C in Giardia and Saccharomyces ribosomes compared in a histogram. Credit: <i>Nucleic Acids Research<\/i> (2023). DOI: 10.1093\/nar\/gkad176<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Scientists from Uppsala University have used cryo-electron microscopy to reveal details of the protein synthesis mechanism in the parasite Giardia intestinalis, which causes diarrheic disease. The new insights could be valuable for screening specific drugs against Giardia and other protozoan parasites.<\/p>\n<section class=\"article-banner first-banner ads-336x280\"><!-- \/4988204\/Phys_Story_InText_Box --><br \/>\n      <\/section>\n<p>Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) is a very powerful tool that makes it possible to visualize cellular machineries with great magnification. The cryogenic set-up prevents damage and distortion of the biological samples and as a result the cellular processes can be viewed as a <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/watch-movies-tv-seriess\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"8\" title=\"Watch Movies &amp; TV Series\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">series<\/a> of snapshots, but with molecular details.<\/p>\n<p>In recent years cryo-EM has been instrumental in unraveling the steps of protein synthesis in various species, from bacteria to humans. Yet, there was no knowledge of the protein synthesis process in protozoan organisms, a group of single-celled organisms that are often parasitic to humans and other mammals.<\/p>\n<p>Uppsala scientist Professor Suparna Sanyal and her team members, particularly Dr. Soneya Majumdar and Ph.D. student Andrew Emmerich, took up the challenging project of unraveling the details of protein synthesis of Giardia intestinalis in 2020.<\/p>\n<p>Giardia is an important research topic, not just because it causes nasty diarrhea in mammals, but also because it serves as a model system for much more hazardous protozoan parasites. In collaboration with Giardia expert Professor Staffan Sv\u00e4rd at Uppsala University, the research group cultured Giardia and purified native ribosomes\u2014which are the protein factory of the cell. They set up cryo-EM grids in the facility at Uppsala University and collected cryo-EM data in the Ume\u00e5 node of the SciLifeLab facility.<\/p>\n<p>After two years of hard work, they were able to resolve high-resolution structures of six different states of elongation of Giardia protein synthesis. These novel structures could be assembled in a video showing sequential changes in the ribosome structure, movement of the tRNAs, and the binding and release of translation elongation factor eEF2\u2014all essential for protein synthesis in Giardia and other protozoa.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, Sanyal and colleagues could decipher important differences of the Giardia ribosome from bacterial and human ribosomes, which could be valuable for screening specific drugs against Giardia and other protozoan parasites.<\/p>\n<p>The findings are published in the journal <i>Nucleic Acids Research<\/i>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-main__more p-4\">\n                                                                                        <strong>More information:<\/strong><br \/>\n                                                Soneya Majumdar et al, Insights into translocation mechanism and ribosome evolution from cryo-EM structures of translocation inter<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/social-mediaa\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"1\" title=\"Social Media\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">media<\/a>tes of Giardia intestinalis, <i>Nucleic Acids Research<\/i> (2023).  <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" data-doi=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1093\/nar\/gkad176\">DOI: 10.1093\/nar\/gkad176<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"d-inline-block text-medium mt-4\">\n<p>                                                    Provided by<br \/>\n                                                                                                            Swedish Research Council<br \/>\n                                                                                                                <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"icon_open\" href=\"http:\/\/www.vr.se\/2.69f66a93108e85f68d480000.html\"><br \/>\n                                                            <svg><use href=\"https:\/\/phys.b-cdn.net\/tmpl\/v6\/img\/svg\/sprite.svg#icon_open\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\"\/><\/svg><\/a><\/p><\/div>\n<p>                                        <!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>                                                <strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n                                                Scientists reveal protein synthesis mechanism in Giardia (2023, March 17)<br \/>\n                                                retrieved 18 March 2023<br \/>\n                                                from https:\/\/phys.org\/<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>\/2023-03-scientists-reveal-protein-synthesis-mechanism.html<\/p>\n<p>                                             This document is subject to copyright. 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(A) Structure of the Giardia ribosome with all the r-proteins colored (SSU, shades of blue and green; LSU, shades of red and purple) and labeled. (B) Four views (90\u00b0\u00a0related) of the Giardia (top)&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":565439,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2023\/scientists-reveal-prot.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-565438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sciencee"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/565438","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=565438"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/565438\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/565439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=565438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=565438"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=565438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}