{"id":592954,"date":"2023-10-02T17:30:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-02T14:30:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/the-feds-losses-have-passed-100-billion-whats-next\/"},"modified":"2023-10-02T17:30:00","modified_gmt":"2023-10-02T14:30:00","slug":"the-feds-losses-have-passed-100-billion-whats-next","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/the-feds-losses-have-passed-100-billion-whats-next\/","title":{"rendered":"#The Fed\u2019s losses have passed $100 Billion: What\u2019s next?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thehill.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/07\/64c1ad91555456.33160850-e1695231508422.jpeg?w=900\" \/><\/p>\n<div>\n<p>There has just been a landmark event at the Federal Reserve: Its accumulated operating losses have passed $100 billion. This startling number, which would previously been thought impossible, was reported on Sept. 14, 2023, in the Fed\u2019s <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.federalreserve.gov\/releases\/h41\/20230914\/\">H.4.1 Release<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>It is essential to understand that these are not mark-to-market paper losses; they are real cash losses resulting from the Fed\u2019s expenses being to this remarkable extent greater than all its revenue. These are equally losses to the U.S. Treasury and thus costs to the taxpayers; nonetheless the Fed keeps officially insisting that its losses don\u2019t matter. (Meanwhile the Fed\u2019s mark-to-market losses are more than $ 1 trillion in the most recent public <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.federalreserve.gov\/aboutthefed\/files\/quarterly-report-20230818.pdf\">report<\/a>.)<\/p>\n<aside class=\"ad-unit ad-unit--mr1_ab\"><\/aside>\n<p>The Fed started posting operating losses in September 2022, so it has taken only 12 months to produce this ocean of red ink. Looking forward, annualizing the year-to-date results suggests the Fed\u2019s net loss for calendar year 2023 will be about $117 billion.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>We must add the $17 billion it lost in the last four months of 2022, so at the end of 2023, the accumulated losses of the Fed may be about $134 billion. That means the losses will have run through the Fed\u2019s entire capital of $43 billion, plus another $91 billion, for losses of more than three times its capital. What comes next?<\/p>\n<p>The losses will continue into 2024. As long as short-term interest rates stay at their current historically normal levels of around 5 percent (that is, if we have \u201cnormal for longer\u201d), what the Fed has to pay on its deposits and borrowings will create a punishing negative spread against the Fed\u2019s trillions of very long-term, low yielding investments.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Since the Fed bought heavily at the top of the market and the bottom in yields, these investments yield on average only about 2 percent. It doesn\u2019t take a Ph.D. in finance to see that lending at 2 percent while borrowing at 5 percent will not be a winner.<\/p>\n<p>The Fed owns $5 trillion of Treasury securities, of which $4 trillion have more than one year left to run, $2.3 trillion more than five years and $1.5 trillion more than 10 years. \u00a0(One of its investments is in the Treasury 1.25 percent of 2050, for example.) \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The average yield on these Treasury securities is 1.96 percent, according to the most recent Fed Quarterly Financial Report. The Fed also owns $2.5 trillion of 30-year mortgage-backed securities (MBS), of which $2.4 trillion have remaining maturities of more than 10 years.\u00a0<\/p>\n<aside class=\"ad-unit ad-unit--mr2_ab\"><\/aside>\n<p>The MBS have an average yield of 2.20 percent. Combined, that suggests an overall yield of 2.04 percent, which compares to a current funding cost of deposits and repurchase agreements of about 5.37 percent. Voila the Fed\u2019s problem: A negative spread of more than 3 percent on investments with very low yields locked in for years to come. In short, the Fed made itself into a gigantic version of a 1980s savings &amp; loan.<\/p>\n<p>An estimate of the Fed\u2019s running rate of losses in very rounded numbers is as follows.\u00a0 It has $7.5 trillion of investments yielding 2 percent. Of this, $2.3 trillion are financed at zero interest cost by circulating dollar bills, so the Fed is making about $46 billion a year from its government-granted monopoly of currency issuance. There are about $5.2 trillion of remaining investments financed at a -3 percent spread for an annual loss of $156 billion. There are $9 billion in overhead expenses. The <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>roximate annualized running rate is thus:<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Profit from currency monopoly\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0$46 billion<\/p>\n<aside class=\"ad-unit ad-unit--mr3_ab\"><\/aside>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Loss on leveraged investments \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0($156 billion)<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Operating expenses\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0(9 billion)<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Net (Loss)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0($119 billion)<\/p>\n<aside class=\"ad-unit ad-unit--mr4_ab\"><\/aside>\n<p>By mid-2022, the Fed knew it had serious operating losses looming and published a <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.federalreserve.gov\/econres\/notes\/feds-notes\/an-analysis-of-the-interest-rate-risk-of-the-federal-reserves-balance-sheet-part-2-20220715.html\">projection<\/a> of them. Its base case projection was for a peak cumulative loss of $60 billion \u2014 the reported $100 billion loss is already a lot more than that, let alone the $134 billion loss likely by the end of 2023. And the ultimate peak losses will be far greater still \u2014 if 2024 is anywhere near as bad as 2023, that alone takes it far over $200 billion. (The Fed also considered a remote, \u201ctail risk event\u201d of its mark to market losses reaching $1.1 trillion. With its current mark to market loss, the \u201ctail risk event\u201d has already happened.)<\/p>\n<p>The Fed should regularly provide Congress updated calculations of the possible path of its future losses. From what has been reported so far, we know that to struggle back to break even, the Fed will have to wait what looks like years for its underwater investments to roll off, or short-term rates would have to fall a lot, or some combination of these.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>We might guess that, for example, it will take a runoff of $3 trillion of its long-term investments with a drop in short-term interest rates to 4 percent to get close to break even.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"ad-unit ad-unit--mr5_ab\"><\/aside>\n<p>Failing that, and in the meantime, the Fed itself, the Treasury and the taxpayers will be suffering continuing huge losses. We will simultaneously be running an interesting test of the Fed\u2019s claim that these losses don\u2019t matter.<\/p>\n<p><em>Alex J. Pollock is a senior fellow at the Mises Institute, the author of \u201cFinance and Philosophy\u2014Why We\u2019re Always Surprised,\u201d and co-author of \u201cSurprised Again!\u00a0 The Covid Crisis and the New Market Bubble.\u201d\u00a0<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Copyright 2023 Nexstar <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/social-mediaa\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"1\" title=\"Social Media\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Media<\/a> Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMLG0nwswvr63Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News<\/a> articles, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/news\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/thehill.com\/opinion\/finance\/4232867-the-feds-losses-have-passed-100-billion-whats-next\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>There has just been a landmark event at the Federal Reserve: Its accumulated operating losses have passed $100 billion. This startling number, which would previously been thought impossible, was reported on Sept. 14, 2023, in the Fed\u2019s H.4.1 Release. It is essential to understand that these are not mark-to-market paper losses; they are real cash&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":592955,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/thehill.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/07\/64c1ad91555456.33160850-e1695231508422.jpeg?w=1280","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[70897],"tags":[134343,134353,73798,70550,70610,70552,124783,134614,40445,73809],"class_list":["post-592954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","tag-campaign","tag-court-battles","tag-defense","tag-federal-reserve","tag-finance","tag-interest-rates","tag-international","tag-judiciary","tag-media","tag-treasury-department"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/592954","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=592954"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/592954\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/592955"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=592954"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=592954"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=592954"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}