{"id":651002,"date":"2025-01-26T22:10:21","date_gmt":"2025-01-26T19:10:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink\/"},"modified":"2025-01-26T22:10:21","modified_gmt":"2025-01-26T19:10:21","slug":"how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink\/","title":{"rendered":"#How we treat catchment water to make it safe to drink"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a3d8f7a25dcc\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a3d8f7a25dcc\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink\/#Human_intervention_in_the_water_cycle\" >Human intervention in the water cycle<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink\/#How_do_we_decide_whats_safe\" >How do we decide what&#8217;s safe?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink\/#From_water_catchment_to_tap\" >From water catchment to tap<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink\/#So_does_all_water_meet_these_standards\" >So, does all water meet these standards?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink\/#What_about_PFAS\" >What about PFAS?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink\/#How_about_removing_PFAS_from_water\" >How about removing PFAS from water?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"article-gallery lightGallery\">\n<div data-thumb=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/tmb\/2025\/drinking-water-1.jpg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2025\/drinking-water-1.jpg\" data-sub-html=\"Credit: Unsplash\/CC0 Public Domain\">\n<figure class=\"article-img\">\n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/csz\/news\/800a\/2025\/drinking-water-1.jpg\" alt=\"drinking water\" title=\"Credit: Unsplash\/CC0 Public Domain\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\"\/><figcaption class=\"text-darken text-low-up text-truncate-js text-truncate mt-3\">\n                Credit: Unsplash\/CC0 Public Domain<br \/>\n            <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>Most of us are fortunate that, when we turn on the tap, clean, safe and high-quality water comes out.<\/p>\n<p>But a <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aph.gov.au\/Parliamentary_Business\/Committees\/Senate\/PFAS_per_and_polyfluoroalkyl_substances\/PFAS\" target=\"_blank\">senate inquiry<\/a> into the presence of PFAS or &#8220;forever chemicals&#8221; is putting the safety of our drinking water back in the spotlight.<\/p>\n<p>Lidia Thorpe, the independent senator leading the inquiry, <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/listen\/programs\/radionational-breakfast\/senate-inquiry-calls-for-far-reaching-pfas-ban\/104848914\" target=\"_blank\">says<\/a> Elders in the Aboriginal community of Wreck Bay in New South Wales are &#8220;buying bottled water out of their aged care packages&#8221; due to concerns about the health impacts of PFAS in their drinking water.<\/p>\n<p>So, how is water deemed safe to drink in Australia? And why does water quality differ in some areas?<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s what h<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">app<\/a>ens between a water catchment and your tap.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Human_intervention_in_the_water_cycle\"><\/span>Human intervention in the water cycle<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There is no &#8220;new&#8221; water on Earth. The water we drink can be up to <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/msa\/elements\/article-abstract\/18\/3\/155\/618795\/We-Drink-Good-4-5-Billion-Year-Old-Water?redirectedFrom=fulltext\" target=\"_blank\">4.5 billion<\/a> years old and is continuously recycled through the <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.noaa.gov\/jetstream\/atmosphere\/hydro#:~:text=The%20hydrologic%20cycle%20involves%20the,evaporation\" target=\"_blank\">hydrological cycle<\/a>. This transfers water from the ground to the atmosphere through evaporation and back again (for example, through rain).<\/p>\n<p>Humans interfere with this natural cycle by trapping and redirecting water from various sources to use. A lot happens before it reaches your home.<\/p>\n<p>The quality of the water when you turn on the tap <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029\/2017WR022172\" target=\"_blank\">depends on a range of factors<\/a>, including the local geology, what kind of activities happen in catchment areas, and the different treatments used to process it.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_do_we_decide_whats_safe\"><\/span>How do we decide what&#8217;s safe?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>The <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/about-us\/publications\/australian-drinking-water-guidelines\" target=\"_blank\">Australian Drinking Water Guidelines<\/a> define what is considered safe, good-quality drinking water.<\/p>\n<p>The guidelines set acceptable water quality values for more than 250 physical, chemical and bacterial contaminants. They take into account any potential health impact of drinking the contaminant over a lifetime as well as aesthetics\u2014the taste and color of the water.<\/p>\n<p>The guidelines are not mandatory but provide the basis for determining if the quality of water to be supplied to consumers in all parts of Australia is safe to drink. The guidelines undergo rolling revision to ensure they represent the latest scientific evidence.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"From_water_catchment_to_tap\"><\/span>From water catchment to tap<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Australians&#8217; drinking water mainly comes from <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/australian.museum\/get-involved\/citizen-science\/streamwatch\/streamwatch-what-is-a-catchment\/\" target=\"_blank\">natural catchments<\/a>. Sources include surface water, groundwater and seawater (via desalination).<\/p>\n<p>Public access to these areas is typically limited to <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.waternsw.com.au\/water-services\/catchment-protection\/protected-and-special-areas\" target=\"_blank\">preserve optimal water quality<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Filtration and purification of water occurs <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.waterworld.com\/residential-commercial\/article\/14309334\/soil-earths-largest-natural-water-filter\" target=\"_blank\">naturally in catchments<\/a> as it passes through soil, sediments, rocks and vegetation.<\/p>\n<div class=\"ads w-100 my-4 article-main__more bg-light p-3 border\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n<p class=\"mb-3\">\n        Discover the latest in <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/sciencee\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"5\" title=\"Science\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">science<\/a>, tech, and space with over <strong>100,000 subscribers<\/strong> who rely on Phys.org for daily insights.<br \/>\n        Sign up for our <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/sciencex.com\/help\/newsletter\/\" target=\"_blank\">free newsletter<\/a> and get updates on breakthroughs,<br \/>\n        innovations, and research that matter\u2014<strong>daily or weekly<\/strong>.\n    <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>But catchment water is subject to further treatment via <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.melbournewater.com.au\/water-and-environment\/water-management\/water-quality\/water-treatment\" target=\"_blank\">standard processes<\/a> that typically focus on:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>removing particulates (for example, soil and sediment)<\/li>\n<li>filtration (to remove particles and their contaminants)<\/li>\n<li>disinfection (for example, using chlorine and chloramine to kill bacteria and viruses)<\/li>\n<li>adding fluoride to prevent tooth decay<\/li>\n<li>adjusting pH to balance the chemistry of the water and to aid filtration.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This water is delivered to our taps via a reticulated system\u2014a network of underground reservoirs, pipes, pumps and fittings.<\/p>\n<p>In areas where there is no reticulated system, drinking water can also be sourced from rainwater tanks. This means the quality of drinking water can vary.<\/p>\n<p>Sources of contamination can come from <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.nsw.gov.au\/-\/media\/epa\/corporate-site\/resources\/community\/cadia\/24p4536-cadia-region-lead-isotope-tank-sediment-testing.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">roof catchments feeding rainwater tanks<\/a> as well from the tap due to <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abcb.gov.au\/sites\/default\/files\/resources\/2022\/Lead-in-plumbing-products-materials.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">lead in plumbing fittings and materials<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So_does_all_water_meet_these_standards\"><\/span>So, does all water meet these standards?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Some rural and remote areas, especially First Nations communities, rely on <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dcceew.gov.au\/water\/policy\/first-nations#:~:text=First%20Nations%20Peoples'%20access%20to%20water&amp;text=Research%20shows%20there%20are%20hundreds,helping%20to%20Close%20the%20Gap\" target=\"_blank\">poor-quality surface water and groundwater<\/a> for their drinking water.<\/p>\n<p>Rural and regional water can exceed <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dcceew.gov.au\/water\/policy\/first-nations#:~:text=First%20Nations%20Peoples'%20access%20to%20water&amp;text=Research%20shows%20there%20are%20hundreds,helping%20to%20Close%20the%20Gap\" target=\"_blank\">recommended guidelines<\/a> for salt, microbial contaminants and trace elements, such as lead, <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/anime-manga\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"6\" title=\"Anime || Manga\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">manga<\/a>nese and arsenic.<\/p>\n<p>The federal government and other agencies are <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalwatergrid.gov.au\/about\/news\/closing-gap-150-million-towards-first-nations-water-security\" target=\"_blank\">trying to address this<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>There are many impacts of poor regional water quality. These include its implication in <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/public-health-nutrition\/article\/sugarsweetened-beverage-consumption-among-indigenous-australian-children-aged-03-years-and-association-with-sociodemographic-life-circumstances-and-health-factors\/AFECE18993F097218F1C7B8E082F62BF\" target=\"_blank\">elevated rates of tooth decay<\/a> in First Nations people. This occurs when access to chilled, sugary drinks is cheaper and easier than access to good quality water.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_about_PFAS\"><\/span>What about PFAS?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>There is also renewed concern about the presence of PFAS or &#8220;forever&#8221; chemicals in drinking water.<\/p>\n<p>Recent research examining the toxicity of PFAS chemicals <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/news\/2024-08-14\/farmers-pull-pfos-chemical-from-belubula-river-nsw-pfas\/104193746\" target=\"_blank\">along with their presence in some drinking water catchments<\/a> in Australia and <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108033\" target=\"_blank\">overseas<\/a> has prompted a recent assessment of water source contamination.<\/p>\n<p>A review by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) proposed lowering the limits for four PFAS chemicals in drinking water: PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS and PFBS.<\/p>\n<p>The review used publicly available data and found most drinking water supplies are currently below the <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/about-us\/news-centre\/australian-drinking-water-guidelines-public-consultation-now-open#:~:text=The%20information%20available%20shows%20that,small%20potential%20risks%20are%20addressed\" target=\"_blank\">proposed new guideline values<\/a> for PFAS.<\/p>\n<p>However, &#8220;hotspots&#8221; of PFAS remain where drinking water catchments or other sources (for example, groundwater) have been impacted by activities where PFAS has been used in industrial applications. And some communities have voiced concerns about an association between <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.abc.net.au\/listen\/programs\/radionational-breakfast\/concerns-over-pfas-cancer-claims\/104852936\" target=\"_blank\">elevated PFAS levels in their communities and cancer clusters<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>While some PFAS has been <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.iarc.who.int\/news-events\/iarc-monographs-evaluate-the-carcinogenicity-of-perfluorooctanoic-acid-pfoa-and-perfluorooctanesulfonic-acid-pfos\/\" target=\"_blank\">identified as carcinogenic<\/a>, it&#8217;s not certain that PFAS causes cancer. The link is <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/nceph.anu.edu.au\/research\/research-projects\/pfas-health-study\/reports\" target=\"_blank\">still being debated<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Importantly, assessment of exposure levels from all sources in the population shows <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijheh.2019.03.004\" target=\"_blank\">PFAS levels are falling<\/a> meaning any exposure risk has also reduced over time.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"How_about_removing_PFAS_from_water\"><\/span>How about removing PFAS from water?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Most sources of drinking water are not associated with industrial contaminants like PFAS. So water sources are <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/general\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"3\" title=\"General\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">general<\/a>ly not subject to <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/sciencematters\/reducing-pfas-drinking-water-treatment-technologies\" target=\"_blank\">expensive treatment processes, like reverse osmosis<\/a>, that can remove most waterborne pollutants, including PFAS. These treatments are energy-intensive and expensive and based on recent water quality assessments <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nhmrc.gov.au\/about-us\/news-centre\/australian-drinking-water-guidelines-public-consultation-now-open#:~:text=The%20information%20available%20shows%20that,small%20potential%20risks%20are%20addressed\" target=\"_blank\">by the NHMRC<\/a> will not be needed.<\/p>\n<p>While contaminants are everywhere, it is <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.aaas.org\/taxonomy\/term\/10\/paracelsus-man-who-brought-chemistry-medicine\" target=\"_blank\">the dose that makes the poison<\/a>. Ultra-low concentrations of chemicals including PFAS, while not desirable, may not be harmful and total removal is not warranted.<\/p>\n<div class=\"d-inline-block text-medium mt-4\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tProvided by<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tThe Conversation<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" class=\"icon_open\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<svg>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<use href=\"https:\/\/phys.b-cdn.net\/tmpl\/v6\/img\/svg\/sprite.svg#icon_open\" x=\"0\" y=\"0\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/svg><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p class=\"article-main__note mt-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  This article is republished from <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\" target=\"_blank\">The Conversation<\/a> under a Creative Commons license. Read the <a rel=\"nofollow\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/how-we-treat-catchment-water-to-make-it-safe-to-drink-242206\" target=\"_blank\">original article<\/a>.<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/counter.theconversation.com\/content\/242206\/count.gif?distributor=republish-lightbox-advanced\" alt=\"The Conversation\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\"\/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<!-- print only --><\/p>\n<div class=\"d-none d-print-block\">\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHow we treat catchment water to make it safe to drink (2025, January 26)<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tretrieved 26 January 2025<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfrom https:\/\/phys.org\/<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">news<\/a>\/2025-01-catchment-safe.html\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p><script id=\"facebook-jssdk\" async=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/sdk.js\"><\/script><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">If you liked the article, do not forget to share it with your friends. Follow us on\u00a0<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><a style=\"color: #ff0000;\" href=\"https:\/\/news.google.com\/publications\/CAAqBwgKMN63nwsw68G3Aw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\">Google News<\/a><\/span>\u00a0too, click on the star and choose us from your favorites.<\/span><\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more Like this articles, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/category\/sciencee\/\" target=\"_blank\" >Science category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2025-01-catchment-safe.html\" target=\"_blank\" >Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Credit: Unsplash\/CC0 Public Domain Most of us are fortunate that, when we turn on the tap, clean, safe and high-quality water comes out. But a senate inquiry into the presence of PFAS or &#8220;forever chemicals&#8221; is putting the safety of our drinking water back in the spotlight. Lidia Thorpe, the independent senator leading the inquiry,&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":651003,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"https:\/\/scx2.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/news\/hires\/2025\/drinking-water-1.jpg","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-651002","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sciencee"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/651002","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=651002"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/651002\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/651003"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=651002"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=651002"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=651002"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}