{"id":9058,"date":"2020-06-16T18:57:00","date_gmt":"2020-06-16T15:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/if-there-is-life-out-there-can-we-detect-it\/"},"modified":"2020-06-16T18:57:00","modified_gmt":"2020-06-16T15:57:00","slug":"if-there-is-life-out-there-can-we-detect-it","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/if-there-is-life-out-there-can-we-detect-it\/","title":{"rendered":"#If there is life out there, can we detect it?"},"content":{"rendered":"

“#If there is life out there, can we detect it?<\/strong>”<\/p>\n

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\n
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\"If<\/img>
\n Artist\u2019s impression; the Cassini spacecraft sampling Enceladus\u2019 ice plume. Credit: NASA\/JPL-Caltech
\n <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

Instruments aboard future space missions are capable of detecting amino acids, fatty acids and peptides, and can even identify ongoing biological processes on ocean moons in our solar system. These are the exciting conclusions reached by two studies from an international team led by scientists of the Planetary Science<\/a>s research group at Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin. The two studies were published in the peer-reviewed scientific journal Astrobiology<\/i>.<\/p>\n

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Enceladus, one of Saturn’s moons, is known to emit plumes of gas and ice grains formed from the moon’s subsurface ocean, located beneath an ice crust, into space. A similar phenomenon is suspected to occur on Jupiter’s moon Europa. The compositions of ice grains emitted from such water worlds can be sampled by spacecraft intercepting the particles, using so-called impact ionization mass spectrometers. Scientists at Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin have undertaken unique laboratory experiments that accurately simulate the mass spectra of ice grains measured in space. <\/p>\n

“In our first study, we conducted experiments using amino acids, fatty acids, and peptides to predict the spectral app<\/a>earance of these organic biomolecules, which could potentially be embedded in the ice grains,” explains Fabian Klenner, lead author of both studies. “Our data show that these potentially biogenic organic molecules are clearly identifiable, even at very low concentrations.”
\nThese results led the researchers to the next question: Could they identify ongoing biological processes on ocean worlds using a spacecraft-based mass spectrometer? “Just identifying these biosignatures is not enough,” says Prof. Frank Postberg, co-lead author of the second study and head of the Planetary Sciences research group. “Amino acids, for example, can also be produced just by chemistry, without the involvement of life. We need to identify a certain spectral pattern of different amino acids to be sure that biological processes are at work.”
\nThe team investigated the behavior of mixtures of potential biomolecules in a realistic ocean world scenario, with numerous background compounds added to the samples and was able to differentiate between abiotic and biotic organic ‘fingerprints’ in the resulting mass spectra. “Finding chemistry indicative of life within an extraterrestrial water world by sampling just a few tiny ice grains would be a crucial step towards the detection of life beyond Earth and we have shown that this is possible with a mass spectrometer mounted on a spacecraft flying by,” Fabian Klenner added.
\nThe results of this work are particularly timely, with the launch of NASA’s Europa Clipper mission to Jupiter’s moon Europa scheduled for 2024. The spacecraft will carry a mass spectrometer suitable for detecting biomolecules, with the Planetary Sciences group of Freie Universit\u00e4t being part of the research team.<\/p>\n

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More information:<\/strong>
\n Fabian Klenner et al. Analog Experiments for the Identification of Trace Biosignatures in Ice Grains from Extraterrestrial Ocean Worlds, Astrobiology<\/i> (2019). DOI: 10.1089\/ast.2019.2065<\/p>\n

Fabian Klenner et al. Discriminating Abiotic and Biotic Fingerprints of Amino Acids and Fatty Acids in Ice Grains Relevant to Ocean Worlds, Astrobiology<\/i> (2020). DOI: 10.1089\/ast.2019.2188<\/p><\/div>\n

\n Citation<\/strong>:
\n If there is life out there, can we detect it? (2020, June 16)
\n retrieved 16 June 2020
\n from https:\/\/phys.org\/news<\/a>\/2020-06-life.html<\/p>\n

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“#If there is life out there, can we detect it?” Artist\u2019s impression; the Cassini spacecraft sampling Enceladus\u2019 ice plume. Credit: NASA\/JPL-Caltech Instruments aboard future space missions are capable of detecting amino acids, fatty acids and peptides, and can even identify ongoing biological processes on ocean moons in our solar system. These are the exciting conclusions…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[18904,18906,18903,18905],"class_list":["post-9058","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-sciencee","tag-can-we-detect-it","tag-fatty-acids-and-peptides","tag-if-there-is-life-out-there","tag-instruments-aboard-future-space-missions-are-capable-of-detecting-amino-acids"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9058"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9058\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}