{"id":98766,"date":"2020-10-27T19:16:24","date_gmt":"2020-10-27T16:16:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/even-vampire-bats-practice-social-distancing-when-they-get-sick-study\/"},"modified":"2020-10-27T19:16:24","modified_gmt":"2020-10-27T16:16:24","slug":"even-vampire-bats-practice-social-distancing-when-they-get-sick-study","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/even-vampire-bats-practice-social-distancing-when-they-get-sick-study\/","title":{"rendered":"#\n  Even vampire bats practice social distancing when they get sick: study"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2e78d161b01\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #dd3333;color:#dd3333\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-6a2e78d161b01\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/even-vampire-bats-practice-social-distancing-when-they-get-sick-study\/#Animals_often_isolate_to_avoid_spreading_disease_in_their_communities_%E2%80%94_yet_many_humans_refuse_to_do_so\" >Animals often isolate to avoid spreading disease in their communities \u2014 yet many humans refuse to do so<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/even-vampire-bats-practice-social-distancing-when-they-get-sick-study\/#Nicole_Lyn_Pesce\" >Nicole Lyn Pesce<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>&#8220;<strong>#<br \/>\n  Even vampire bats practice <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/social-mediaa\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"1\" title=\"Social Media\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">social<\/a> distancing when they get sick: study<br \/>\n<\/strong>&#8221;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"article__subhead\" itemprop=\"alternativeHeadline\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Animals_often_isolate_to_avoid_spreading_disease_in_their_communities_%E2%80%94_yet_many_humans_refuse_to_do_so\"><\/span>\n  Animals often isolate to avoid spreading disease in their communities \u2014 yet many humans refuse to do so<br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><\/p>\n<div class=\"column column--full article__content\">\n<div id=\"js-article__body\" class=\"article__body article-wrap at16-col16 barrons-article-wrap\" itemprop=\"articleBody\" data-sbid=\"1C96459A-186D-11EB-9DB5-07C42A5DCE42\">\n<div class=\"barrons-article-ad-wrapper\">\n<div data-track=\"barrons-article-ad-wrap\" class=\"barrons-article-ad sticky_item\">\n<div class=\"barrons-main-article-ad-target sticky_target body_ad\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>       While social distancing during a pandemic may feel unnatural to many people, it\u2019s actually quite common in the natural world. <\/p>\n<p> Birds do it, bees do it \u2014 and even vampire bats do it. <\/p>\n<p>A <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.eurekalert.org\/pub_releases\/2020-10\/oupu-vbs102320.php\" class=\"icon none\">new paper published in Behavioral Ecology<\/a> on Tuesday finds that diseased wild vampire bats spend less time near other bats in their colony \u2014 including other sick bats \u2014 which slows how quickly the infection spreads through their community.<\/p>\n<div class=\"paywall\">\n       U.S. researchers noticed that sick vampire bats (<em>Desmodus rotundus<\/em>) kept their distance from other bats in laboratory settings, and they wanted to see whether the bats would also exhibit this behavior in the wild. <\/p>\n<p>So they captured 31 adult female vampire bats from a colony roosting in a hollow tree in Lamanai, Belize. They simulated sickness in the bats by injecting a random half of them with an immune-challenging substance (lipopolysaccharid, or LPS), while the control group of bats was injected with saline. The researchers also attached proximity sensors to the bats, and released them all back into their hollow tree to track any changes in their movements and interactions with other bats. <\/p>\n<p>Their findings: the \u201csick\u201d bats associated with fewer bats in the group; they spent less time with other bats; and they were less socially-connected to healthy groupmates. \u201cSick\u201d bats interacted with four fewer bats, on average, compared with the healthy control bats. And \u201csick\u201d bats spent 25 fewer minutes associating per partner. The healthy bats had a 49% chance of associating with each control bat, but only a 35% chance of associating with each \u201csick\u201d bat. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Read:<\/strong>Dr. Zeke Emanuel says this is what it will take to fully reopen the U.S.<\/p>\n<p>And these limited interactions weren\u2019t just because the \u201csick\u201d bats were all clustered together; in fact, associations between two \u201csick\u201d bats were even lower than between a \u201csick\u201d bat and a control bat. The \u201csick\u201d bats <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/general\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"3\" title=\"General\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">general<\/a>ly self-isolated to avoid being in close proximity with any other bats. The researchers concluded that this helps \u201cslow the spread of a pathogen that is transmitted at higher probability with higher rates of physical contact (e.g., grooming) or closer proximity.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Previous studies of vampire bats in captivity have found that bats injected with the same LPS immune-challenging agent to simulate sickness also kept their distance: they slept more, moved less, spent less time grooming neighboring bats or engaging in social grooming, and called out to other bats less frequently. But <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1111\/1365-2656.13193\" class=\"icon none\">one study<\/a> noted that mother bats still interacted with their babies at the same rate, whether they were sick or not, showing that close kin relationships continued in the face of infection, similar to how people will still care for a sick member of their household, or check in on ill relatives. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Read:<\/strong>Social distancing \u2018substantially varies\u2019 by income: study<\/p>\n<div id=\"cx-membership-tile\"><\/div>\n<p>Turns out, social distancing is the animal kingdom\u2019s best line of defense against infectious diseases, since animals don\u2019t have medical treatments or vaccines (not without human intervention, anyway) that people have developed. And social distancing in nature comes in many forms. <\/p>\n<p>Bees and chimpanzees are among the most aggressive. If the foulbrood bacterial disease infects a honeybee colony \u2014 which liquefies the honeybee larvae from the inside, yikes \u2014 the <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-018-24054-2\" class=\"icon none\">bees will physically toss diseased members<\/a> from the hive to protect the rest of the colony. And famed primatologist Jane Goodall observed chimpanzees attacking and ostracizing other chimps who had contracted the highly-contagious polio virus from their troops, <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com\/animals\/2020\/03\/quarantine-social-distancing-bee-chimpanzees\/\" class=\"icon none\">National Geographic reports<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>Or many species choose to simply avoid members of their community that they can sense are sick. <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/96\/16\/9165\" class=\"icon none\">American bullfrog tadpoles in one study<\/a> actively avoided other tadpoles that they could detect had a deadly yeast infection. Caribbean spiny lobsters can tell whether other lobsters have contracted the <em>Panulirus argus<\/em> virus, which kills more than half of the young lobsters in infects, by smelling their urine. So <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/441421a\" class=\"icon none\">studies show<\/a> that if a lobster doesn\u2019t pass the sniff test, then healthy lobsters will avoid it, even if that means denning by themselves. And while this self-isolation can also leave these highly social animals vulnerable, avoiding the deadly infection outweighs the risk of being alone. <\/p>\n<p>And <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/362\/6417\/941\" class=\"icon none\">ants take a two-pronged approach<\/a> when their colonies become exposed to an infection like the lethal <em>Metarhizium brunneum<\/em> fungus. Forager ants, which go out in search of food, self-isolate themselves by keeping their distance from the colony while the disease is present \u2014 even if they haven\u2019t been infected themselves. Meanwhile, the queen and \u201cnurse\u201d ants responsible for reproduction and protecting the brood, respectively, move further inside the nest and away from the foragers in order to protect these vulnerable members of the population. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Coronavirus update:<\/strong>Birx chides North Dakota as 20 states see most new cases since pandemic began<\/p>\n<p>Human society has adopted some of these social distancing measures in dealing with the novel coronavirus pandemic that has infected 43.6 million and killed 1.16 million and counting worldwide, according to  Johns Hopkins data. <\/p>\n<p>For example, people have been encouraged to reduce potentially spreading or catching the COVID-19 virus by limiting contact with others through wearing face masks, frequent hand-washing and staying at least six feet away from people who don\u2019t live with them. Especially vulnerable populations such as the elderly and those with pre-existing conditions have been advised to stay home and limit their outside movements to essential errands, like buying food or picking up pre<a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/download-scripts-themes-apps\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"9\" title=\"Download Scripts &amp; Themes &amp; Apps\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">script<\/a>ions. And schools and non-essential businesses in many areas have been closed temporarily throughout the year, while countries like Spain have put citizens under curfew to curtail surges in infection rates. <\/p>\n<p>But many people across the globe, and certainly across the U.S., have chafed at the measures restricting their movements and activities, even as public health officials have tried to hammer home the message that social distancing is the best weapon we have against the novel coronavirus until we develop treatments and vaccines that are proven to be effective against COVID-19. What\u2019s more, a new study by Imperial College London warns that COVID-19 immunity may only last a few months after infection, further discouraging the idea that a population can develop herd immunity. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Read:<\/strong>Politics around masks, social distancing and vaccines is making America sicker, says former HHS secretary Louis Sullivan<\/p>\n<p>Dr. Anthony Fauci, the director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases for the last three decades, has called for a national mask mandate. And <a rel=\"nofollow noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41591-020-1132-9?utm_source=newsletter&amp;utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=newsletter_axiosvitals&amp;stream=top#Abs1\" class=\"icon none\">a recent study from the University of Washington\u2019s Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation<\/a> suggests that 130,000 American lives could be saved by February if: 95% of people wear masks properly (covering their noses, mouths and chins) in public places; social distancing, handwashing and other non-pharmaceutical precautions are taken; and businesses and schools shut down either partially or completely for six weeks if the daily death is at least 8 deaths per million population. <\/p>\n<p>In the absence of a universal mask mandate, the researchers forecast that approximately 511,000 people total will have died from COVID-19 in the U.S. by February 2021. As of Tuesday afternoon, the U.S. had the highest case tally in the world at 8.7 million, and the highest death toll at 225,765, or about a fifth of the global total.<\/p>\n<div data-layout=\"\n              inline\" data-layout-mobile=\"\" class=\"\n        media-object\n        type-InsetCommentingPromo\n            \n            inline\n  article__inset\n        article__inset--type-InsetCommentingPromo\n            article__inset--inline\n  \"><\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<p><\/p>\n<div class=\"byline article__byline\">\n<p>      <span>By<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"author  hasMenu\" data-scrim='{\"type\":\"author\",\"header\":\"Nicole Lyn Pesce\",\"subhead\":\"The Wall Street Journal\",\"list\":[]}' itemscope itemprop=\"author\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Person\">\n<h4 itemprop=\"name\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nicole_Lyn_Pesce\"><\/span>Nicole Lyn Pesce<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">For forums sites go to <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/forum.buradabiliyorum.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Forum.BuradaBiliyorum.Com<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>If you want to read more <a href=\"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/category\/news\/\" data-internallinksmanager029f6b8e52c=\"2\" title=\"News\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">News<\/a> articles, you can visit our <span style=\"color: #ff9900;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"https:\/\/en.buradabiliyorum.com\/news\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">News category.<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p><span style=\"color: black;\"><a style=\"color: #ff9900;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.marketwatch.com\/news\/story.asp?guid=%7B1C96459A-186D-11EB-9DB5-07C42A5DCE42%7D&#038;siteid=rss&#038;rss=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Source<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&#8220;# Even vampire bats practice social distancing when they get sick: study &#8221; Animals often isolate to avoid spreading disease in their communities \u2014 yet many humans refuse to do so While social distancing during a pandemic may feel unnatural to many people, it\u2019s actually quite common in the natural world. Birds do it, bees&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":98767,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[70897],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-98766","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98766","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=98766"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/98766\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/98767"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=98766"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=98766"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/buradabiliyorum.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=98766"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}