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“#Large molecules need more help to travel through a nuclear pore into the cell nucleus” Model of a large molecule (blue, PDB ID:2MS2), bound to multiple transporter proteins (orange dots) that interact with the nuclear pore complex barrier (gray, EMD-8087), a process essential for import into the cell nucleus. Credit: Giulia Paci (CC BY 4.0)…
“#A new molecular guardian of intestinal stem cells” An IRF2 deficiency reduces intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and attenuates crypt regeneration after injury. A. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the number of ISCs was reduced in Irf2–/– mice compared with control mice. Lgr5-GFP: reporter fluorescence of ISCs. B. Sections of the jejunum from control (left) and…
“#Immunologists summarize functions of protein family for scientific community” SnapShot created by Bing Li, Ph.D., to illustrate the functions of fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs). Credit: Cell Fatty acid binding proteins (FABPs) serve as a type of chaperone, coordinating the transport of fatty acids and other molecules between cells. Bing Li, Ph.D., associate professor in…
“#Researchers discover new information on the regulation of cancer cell motility” Graphic abstract of the results. Credit: Päivi Koskinen PIM kinases are enzymes that promote metastatic growth and spread of cancer cells. Researchers from the University of Turku, Finland, have obtained new information on how PIM kinases enhance cancer cell motility by regulating the formation…
“#Escape artists: How vibrio bacteria break out of cells” Image of Vibrio parahaemolyticus bacteria trapped in a host cell. A UTSW study found that this foodborne pathogen modifies cholesterol found in a cell’s plasma membrane to exit and infect new cells. Credit: UT Southwestern Medical Center As soon as the foodborne pathogen Vibrio parahaemolyticus infects…
“#Insect wings inspire new ways to fight superbugs” Common whitetail dragonfly. Credit: Public domain image by Christopher Johnson (Insects Unlocked, University of Texas at Austin) Scientists have revealed how nanomaterials inspired by insect wings are able to destroy bacteria on contact. The wings of cicadas and dragonflies are natural bacteria killers, a phenomenon that has…
“#Shigella prevents infected cells from sacrificing themselves for the greater good” Host cells recognize blockade of caspase-8 apoptosis signaling by bacterial pathogens, and triggers necroptosis as a backup form of host defense. To counteract this cell death crosstalk, Shigella flexneri delivers effectors via the type III secretion system and successfully prevent apoptosis and necroptosis, thereby…
“#Scientists identify modulator of plant architecture in Setaria italica” Model for the DPY1-mediated control of leaf architecture. Credit: Center for Agricultural Resources Research The leaf is the primary organ for light capture and organic compound synthesis in plants. For cereal crops, leaf architecture is an important agronomic trait that directly determines canopy structure, as well…
“#Unraveling the initial molecular events of respiration” Credit: CC0 Public Domain Respiration is a fundamental process of all living things, allowing them to produce energy, stay healthy, and survive. In cells, respiration involves what are known as “respiratory proteins,” e.g. hemoglobin in the blood and myoglobin in muscles. Respiratory proteins work by binding and releasing…
“#Bacteria’s secret weapon revealed” Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute (BDI) scientists have discovered a previously unknown method used by bacteria to evade immune responses. The study, published in Nature Microbiology, points to potential new ways of countering bacterial infections, which are becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics. First author Dr. Pankaj Deo said…