#Fossil leaves show high atmospheric carbon spurred ancient ‘global greening’

“#Fossil leaves show high atmospheric carbon spurred ancient ‘global greening’” A 23-million-year-old leaf preserved in a onetime New Zealand lake bed, key to past atmospheric conditions. One can see veins, glands along the teeth, and holes gnawed by insects, with resulting stunted growth and scar tissue. Credit: Jennifer Bannister/University of Otago Scientists studying leaves from…

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#Scientists reveal shifting spring phenology of Arctic tundra with satellite and ground observation

“#Scientists reveal shifting spring phenology of Arctic tundra with satellite and ground observation” Credit: CC0 Public Domain Phenology represents the seasonal dynamics of vegetation, and is an important indicator of local and regional climate change. With stronger warming trends at higher latitudes, the seasonality of vulnerable Arctic tundra is more sensitive. Many studies have reported…

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#Pumice arrives delivering ‘vitamin boost’ to the reef

“#Pumice arrives delivering ‘vitamin boost’ to the reef” Professor Bryan recovering pumice from the Tonga August 2019 eruption. Credit: QUT The giant pumice raft created by an underwater volcanic eruption last August in Tonga has begun arriving on the Australian eastern seaboard, delivering millions of reef-building organisms that researchers say could be a ‘vitamin boost’…

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#Modeling avalanche protection in forests

“#Modeling avalanche protection in forests” Credit: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Two EPFL students have compared the ability of a forest in Vaud Canton to protect against avalanches before and after it was ravaged by fire in 2018. Their method could be applied to other forested slopes, helping to enhance local reforestation strategies. Widespread drying…

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#Machine learning unearths signature of slow-slip quake origins in seismic data

“#Machine learning unearths signature of slow-slip quake origins in seismic data” Using a machine learning model and historical data from the Cascadia region in the Pacific Northwest, computational geophysicists at Los Alamos National Laboratory have unearthed distinct statistical features marking the formative stage of slow-slip ruptures in the earth’s crust months before tremor or GPS…

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#Recent global warming trends are inconsistent with very high climate sensitivity

“#Recent global warming trends are inconsistent with very high climate sensitivity” Credit: CC0 Public Domain Research published this week in Earth System Dynamics reports that the most sensitive climate models overestimate global warming during the last 50 years. Three scientists from the University of Exeter studied the output of complex climate models and compared them…

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#Unearthing evidence for the origins of plate tectonics

“#Unearthing evidence for the origins of plate tectonics” Minerals inside tiny crystals could reveal how Earth’s crust began moving. Credit: Luca Galuzzi/Wikimedia Commons, licensed under CC 2.5 Minerals trapped inside tiny crystals that have survived the grinding of the continents over billions of years may help to reveal the origins of plate tectonics and perhaps…

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