#Improved waste separation using super-stable magnetic fluid

“#Improved waste separation using super-stable magnetic fluid” Two magnetic fluids with a magnet in the middle. Left: a non-stable magnetic fluid, where the magnetic particles in the fluid are drawn towards the magnet. Right: a fluid that does remain stable in a magnetic field. Credit: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters. 2020 American Chemical Society Magnetically…

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#How much fluorine is too much fluorine?

“#How much fluorine is too much fluorine?” Dairy cows grazing clover/ryegrass pasture on a Massey University production farm. Credit: James Hanly For most of us, our closest encounter with the element fluorine is likely to be our toothpaste or a municipal water supply with added fluoride. But excess fluorine can be a problem. For example,…

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