#Daylight study reveals how animals adapt between seasons

“#Daylight study reveals how animals adapt between seasons” Scottish Blackface flock. Scientists have discovered how a biological switch helps sheep make the seasonal changes crucial for survival, such as growing a warm winter coat and adjusting body temperatures. Credit: University of Edinburgh Scientists have discovered how a biological switch helps animals make the seasonal changes…

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#A key molecular switch for controlling seed size

“#A key molecular switch for controlling seed size” Figure shows that the loss-of-function mutants, tfl1-1 and tfl1-20, exhibit an obvious large seed phenotype (panel a), which is associated with an increased size of the mature embryo (panel b). Panel c is the schematic representation of a developing Arabidopsis seed. CE, chalazal endosperm; CV, central vacuole;…

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#How plants shut the door on infection

“#How plants shut the door on infection” Credit: CC0 Public Domain Plants have a unique ability to safeguard themselves against pathogens by closing their pores—but until now, no one knew quite how they did it. Scientists have known that a flood of calcium into the cells surrounding the pores triggers them to close, but how…

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#Researchers discover novel molecular mechanism that enables conifers to adapt to winter

“#Researchers discover novel molecular mechanism that enables conifers to adapt to winter” Credit: CC0 Public Domain In boreal forest during late winter, freezing temperatures are typical but at the same time the sun can already shine very brightly. This combination is especially dangerous to evergreen plants, such as conifers. The chlorophyll pigment-proteins in their needles…

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#DNA damage triggers reprogramming into stem cells

“#DNA damage triggers reprogramming into stem cells” DNA damage causes cells to reprogram themselves into stem cells and regenerate new plant bodies in the moss Physcomitrella patens. Credit: NIBB A joint research team from the National Institute for Basic Biology (NIBB) in Japan, Huazhong Agricultural University in China, and the Czech Academy of Sciences in…

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#Algal blue light switch control of electrical excitation in plants

“#Algal blue light switch control of electrical excitation in plants” Laser light triggers electrical excitations in the leaves, the propagation and consequences of which can then be analysed electrophysiologically. Credit: Soenke Scherzer & Antonella Reyer / University of Wuerzburg Optogenetics denotes the manipulation of cellular processes by light-based biological techniques. An international research team led…

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#Uncovering developmental mechanisms of elaborate petals in Nigella damascena

“#Uncovering developmental mechanisms of elaborate petals in Nigella damascena” Elaborate petals and petal elaboration. Credit: KONG’s team Researchers led by Dr. Kong Hongzhi from the Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences reported the mechanisms underlying elaborate petal development and specialized character formation in Nigella damascena, and the results were recently published in…

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#The amazing travels of small RNAs

“#The amazing travels of small RNAs” RNA interference and gene silencing inside a cell nucleus: An enzyme complex that has loaded a siRNA silences a gene transcript so that no proteins can be produced. Credit: Science Photo Library/keystone) In most organisms, small bits of RNA play a key role in gene regulation by silencing gene…

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