This ancient city is honeycombed by caves and grottoes, many of which have served as places of worship throughout history. This one is just that bit special, however – set atop a rugged mount, there are incredible, sweeping views of the surrounding landscape from its entrance; inside, there are prayer chambers adorned with bright but decaying frescoes.
8. Battistera and Duomo, Parma
In architectural terms, the baptistery of Parma Cathedral represents the shift from Romaneque to Gothic; commissioned in 1196, it’s an octagonal structure clad in pink marble. Inside, sixteen arches form alcoves, each of which is painted with a different scene; the domed ceiling is also painted.
