#Microbial genetics: A protean pathogen

“#Microbial genetics: A protean pathogen” Credit: Unsplash/CC0 Public Domain The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is linked to increased risk of stomach cancer, and is genetically highly variable. A new study by researchers of Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU) in Munich explores the role played by this diversity in the early phase of infection in adult humans. It is estimated…

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#Different responses in individual cells give muscles more control

“#Different responses in individual cells give muscles more control” Skeletal muscle tissue. Credit: University of Michigan Medical School Minute differences in individual muscle cell contractions allow the entire muscle to flex with greater control and accuracy. Long dismissed as “noise” or error, experts now suspect that biological systems may have evolved to include unavoidable variation…

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#Mitochondria control cells using their own complete fatty acid synthesis machine

“#Mitochondria control cells using their own complete fatty acid synthesis machine” Pathways in fatty acid metabolism. Credit: eLife (2020). DOI: 10.7554/eLife.58041 It shouldn’t be any secret that mitochondria can make their own fatty acids. The enzymes mitochondria use to do it were discovered decades ago. Unfortunately, only a few individuals among the biologically literate masses…

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#Intelligent software tackles plant cell jigsaw puzzle

“#Intelligent software tackles plant cell jigsaw puzzle” Microscopy provides imagery to the algorithm that then delineates the cellular structures, making the segmentation clearer. Credit: Kreshuk group/EMBL and Hamprecht lab/HCI Heidelberg University Imagine working on a jigsaw puzzle with so many pieces that even the edges seem indistinguishable from others at the puzzle’s center. And to…

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#Cellular energy audit reveals energy producers and consumers

“#Cellular energy audit reveals energy producers and consumers” Gladstone scientists Ken Nakamura (left) and Neal Bennett (right) screened the human genome to discover how cells control energy production and consumption. Credit: Gladstone Institutes Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is the cellular energy currency that is as valuable to the human body as the dollar is to…

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#Painting with bacteria could revolutionise wastewater treatment

“#Painting with bacteria could revolutionise wastewater treatment” Credit: University of Surrey Improvements to a new type of water-based paint containing bacteria could pave the way for advancements in waste management and the production of biomass or biofuel gasses, a new study in the American Chemical Society journal, Biomacromolecules reports. Researchers from the University of Surrey…

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#Mosquito immune system mapped to help fight malaria

“#Mosquito immune system mapped to help fight malaria” Credit: CC0 Public Domain Scientists have created the first cell atlas of mosquito immune cells, to understand how mosquitoes fight malaria and other infections. Researchers from the Wellcome Sanger Institute, Umeå University, Sweden and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), U.S., discovered new types of mosquito immune…

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#How the environment and the microbiome jointly shape the body

“#How the environment and the microbiome jointly shape the body” The experiments showed that animals with a normal microbiome (left) showed fewer tentacles than their sterilized conspecifics. Credit: Dr Jan Taubenheim All multicellular living beings are colonized by an unimaginably large number of microorganisms and have developed together with them from the very beginning of…

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