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“#Some bacteria sacrifice themselves to protect their brethren from antibiotics” Bacteria in the lab. Credit: University of Texas at Austin Scientists at The University of Texas at Austin have discovered how some cells within a bacterial swarm will sacrifice themselves so that other cells in the swarm have a better chance of surviving onslaught by…
“#New findings on SARS-CoV-2 protein shed light on virus’s ability to infect cells” Credit: Pixabay/CC0 Public Domain At the start of a COVID-19 infection, the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 docks onto human cells using the spike-like proteins on its surface. The spike protein is at the centre of vaccine development because it triggers an immune response in…
“#Study uncovers mechanisms underlying biosynthesis and accumulation of Paris saponins in P. polyphyllavar yunnanensis” Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Credit: GAO Xiaoyang Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis can synthesize Paris saponins with multiple effective therapies, and its rhizome has become an indispensable ingredient in many patented drugs. Although Paris saponins have important medicinal attributes, little is known about the biosynthesis and accumulation…
“#Study reveals how two sex chromosomes communicate during female embryo development” Credit: CC0 Public Domain Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) have solved a mystery that has long puzzled scientists: How do the bodies of female humans and all other mammals decide which of the two X chromosomes it carries in each cell should be…
“#Remains of 17th century bishop support neolithic emergence of tuberculosis” Portrait of Bishop Peder Jensen Winstrup Credit: Orf3us / CC BY-SA (creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0) When anthropologist Caroline Arcini and her colleagues at the Swedish Natural Historical Museum discovered small calcifications in the extremely well-preserved lungs of Bishop Peder Winstrup, they knew more investigation was needed. “We suspected…
“#To understand the machinery of life, this scientist breaks it on purpose” The translational machinery is a vital component in the cells of all organisms. Having undergone very little change over billions of years of evolution, it has been referred to as “an evolutionary accident frozen in time.” At its core is the ribosome (blue),…
“#How a protein stops cells from attacking their own DNA” A depiction of the double helical structure of DNA. Its four coding units (A, T, C, G) are color-coded in pink, orange, purple and yellow. Credit: NHGRI Viruses multiply by injecting their DNA into a host cell. Once it enters the intracellular fluid, this foreign…
“#New tools catch and release molecules at the flip of a light switch” This time-lapse movie shows a new tool called an OptoBinder that can latch onto and release molecules in response to light. In this case, a fluorescent OptoBinder is attaching to actin, a component of cells key to their structure and shape. The…
“#Becoming a nerve cell: Timing is of the essence” Human progenitor cells with their DNA-containing nucleus color red after division and their mitochondria labeled in green. Human cells with fragmented mitochondria (top) became neurons (top), whereas those with tubular mitochondria (bottom) remained progenitors. Progenitor cells have their DNA-containing nucleus marked with blue while new born…
“#The hidden math of bacterial behavior” A diagram describing multistability and hysteresis. Credit: Ismagilov laboratory As modern medical science has become increasingly aware of the positive role that bacteria and other microorganisms can play in our health, a mystery has emerged: How is it that beneficial microbial communities can sometimes “flip” into a harmful state…