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“#Green glowing worms provide live-action movies of the body’s internal scaffolding” Protein molecules move within a stable scaffolding in the sheet-like mesh that surrounds and supports most animal tissues. Credit: A. Kawska Duke University researchers have made the first time-lapse movies of the sheet-like latticework that surrounds and supports most animal tissues. A thin layer…
“#RNA key in helping stem cells know what to become” Credit: CC0 Public Domain Look deep inside our cells, and you’ll find that each has an identical genome -a complete set of genes that provides the instructions for our cells’ form and function. But if each blueprint is identical, why does an eye cell look…
“#Protein linked to cancer acts as a viscous glue in cell division” The protein PRC1, a telltale sign in many cancer types including prostate, ovarian, and breast cancer, act as a “viscous glue” during cell division, precisely controlling the speed at which two sets of DNA are separated as a single cell divides. Credit: Rensselaer…
“#Study shows great specificity of action by enzymes to correct double-strand DNA breaks” Credit: CC0 Public Domain Our cells are constantly dividing, and as they do, the DNA molecule—our genetic code—sometimes gets broken. DNA has twin strands, and a break in both is considered especially dangerous. This kind of double-strand break can lead to genome…
“#Scientists show how bacterial ‘attack dog’ toxin disrupts protein synthesis” A team of Skoltech researchers and their colleagues have identified the way in which a component of a two-part bacterial self-defense system from the toxin-antitoxin family works Credit: Pavel Odinev/Skoltech A team of Skoltech researchers from the Severinov Laboratory and their colleagues have identified the…
“#Real-time monitoring of proteins in the nuclear pore complex” Schematic illustration of manipulation and tracking of native nuclear nano-pores from colon cancer cells and mouse organoids. Live tracking of single bio-filament conformations inside the nuclear pore presented as a nano diagnosis tool for the colorectal cancer. Credit: Kanazawa University In human cells, the nucleus is…
“#Moss protein corrects genetic defects of other plants” (here called RNA editor) with its target site. RNA editors correct specific errors in the mitochondria and chloroplasts. Credit: © Bastian Oldenkott/Uni Bonn Almost all land plants employ an army of molecular editors who correct errors in their genetic information. Together with colleagues from Hanover, Ulm and…
“#Toward principles of gene regulation in multicellular systems” Credit: CC0 Public Domain A team of quantitative biology researchers from Northwestern University have uncovered new insights into the impact of stochasticity in gene expression, offering new evolutionary clues into organismal design principles in the face of physical constraints. In cells, genes are expressed through transcription, a…
“#How a protein’s small change leads to big trouble for cells” Credit: CC0 Public Domain In molecular biology, chaperones are a class of proteins that help regulate how other proteins fold. Folding is an important step in the manufacturing process for proteins. When they don’t fold the way they’re supposed to, it can lead to…
“#Scientists investigate epigenetic impact across whole genome” Scientists from the OIST Plant Epigenetics Unit grew the epigenetic mutant strains of Arabidopsis thaliana in different trays under artificial light. Credit: OIST All life depends on a genome, which acts as an instruction manual for building all the products essential for development and survival. But knowing which…