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“#Protein Atg40 folds the endoplasmic reticulum to facilitate its autophagy, study finds” Atg40 binds to Atg8 on the isolation membrane. This process changes ER membrane shape so that it can be packed into the isolation membrane, forming an autophagosome that then degrades the ER parts. Credit: Nature Communications, Tokyo Tech The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is…
“#Proteins—and labs—coming together to prevent Rett syndrome” Immunofluorescence microscopy of MeCP2 neurons derived from mouse ESCs Credit: Charles Li New discoveries about the disruption of condensates in the neurodevelopmental disorder Rett syndrome provide insights into how cells compartmentalize chromosomes as well as new potential paths for therapies. Scientists have, for many years, conceptualized the cell…
“#Genomic basis of bat superpowers revealed: Like how they survive deadly viruses” A study that sequenced genomes from six widely divergent living bat species, including Phyllostomus discolor, the pale spear-nosed bat, reveals the genetics behind some bat ‘superpowers,’ such as surviving deadly viruses and to use sound to navigate in darkness. Credit: Brock and Sherri…
“#Computationally classifying fungal lifestyles” 95 % accuracy in correctly predicting plant pathogens (blue) vs saprobes (green). Credit: Haridas S et al. Studies in Mycology, 2020″ width=”768″> Support Vector Machine (SVM)-based prediction of lifestyle based on 6 gene clusters showed a >95 % accuracy in correctly predicting plant pathogens (blue) vs saprobes (green). Credit: Haridas S…
“#Scientists identify new methylation site on P53 guided by structure of MLL2 complex” Credit: CC0 Public Domain Lysine methylation is one of the most important covalent modifications involved in diverse cellular processes. Methylation of histone H3 Lys4 (H3K4), predominantly associated with actively transcribed genes, is mainly mediated by KMT2-family histone lysine methyltransferases (KMTs). The mammalian…
“#A developmental clock with a checkpoint function” The genes of the C. elegans oscillator are expressed in a rhythmic pattern, are coupled to larval development, and can arrest in a specific recurring state, consistent with a developmental checkpoint function. Credit: Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research The group of Helge Grosshans characterized the “C. elegans…
“#How viruses and bacteria balance each other in the gut microbiome” Credit: Stephanie King. The adage ‘all things in moderation’ applies not to just to food and drink, but also to the legions of bacteria inside our guts helping us digest that food and drink. It turns out the rule may also extend to the…
“#’Winter is coming’: The influence of seasonality on pathogen emergence” Figure A shows the variation in the birth rate (pathogen transmission rate, solid line) and death rate (recovery rate of infected hosts, dotted line) over time (the time unit is a day). The gray shading represents “winter” for the pathogen (in “winter” the birth rate…
“#Researchers study protein biosynthesis in bacteria” NusG couples transcription and translation. NusG binds to RNA polymerase via its NTD, and to the ribosome via its CTD. It thus serves as a flexible connection between the two machines. Credit: Philipp K. Zuber Researchers of the University of Bayreuth and the Columbia University in New York reported…
“#Coronavirus binding and core helix fusion simulated on supercomputer” The coronavirus builds a far-reaching ladder-like apparatus from core helical amino acids (green) in its spike protein that latch on to its host cell, leading to infection. A computer model is simulating these dynamics on Longhorn, the subsystem of the Frontera supercomputer at the Texas Advanced…